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[[File:BushmenSan.jpg|thumbnail|left|300px|Figure 1. Example of a Kalahari Bushmen, which are sometimes described as relatively egalitarian societies. ]]
Since Karl Marx and others began to advocate for societies to develop more equitable economic systems in the form of socialism and even communism, there have been those that advocated that capitalism and, by extension, economic and social inequality evident in societies reflect a deviation from natural or even original human societies. Evidence for more equal societies is often difficult to determine in the distant past, but there have been arguments that social and economic inequality we are witnessing is more recent.
====Later Developments in Socialism====
[[File:1914 Panoramic View of Iroquois.jpg|thumbnail|left|300px|Figure 2. Iroquois from around 1914.]]
With the emergence of towns and cities, it has been commonly seen that classes begin to emerge more clearly and this type of lifestyle spreads in many regions of the world. However, there were still societies that were relatively egalitarian. Nevertheless, all of these relatively equal societies were often small, often hunter-gatherer groups such as some Native American societies or those in Africa and South America. Examples of agriculturally-based egalitarian or something more similar to socialist societies, that is societies with a collective form of rule and ownership of resources, are very rare.