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The effect on North America in relation to this battle are complex. Initially, many Scottish settlers arrived in the American Colonies as refugees or as those forced to move there. Perhaps though the greatest effects were felt in Nova Scotia. Initially, Nova Scotia was actually settled by more non-Scottish British, despite the region's name, as a series of wars led to British expansion there. During the American Revolution, there were attempts for Nova Scotia to join the rebellion. Battles were fought there in revolt against the British and often the region was called the "14th Colony," but from 1773 and on, initially with the ship <i>Hector</i> arriving, the character of the province also changed began to change as Scottish immigrants , many of whom who had direct ties to those who many were participated in Culloden, came as refugees or were economic migrants forced out due to the aftermaths of Culloden were now arrivingpoverty and political ostracism.<re>For more on Scottish migration to North America in the 18th century, see: Warren R. Hofstra (ed.) (2011) <i>Ulster to America: the Scots-Irish migration experience, 1680-1830</i>. 1st ed. Knoxville, University of Tennessee Press. </ref>

Initially, many did support the American colonists, but American raids on Nova Scotia, where looting and destruction was carried out by the Americans, led to many in Nova Scotia affirming their loyalties to the British, who were now seen as protectors. Nova Scotia then increasingly becomes became a major destination for Scottish migration, as the formally fleeing highlanders and other clan members encourage other migration to the region. Eventually, Scots become a major part of the migrant populationthroughout Nova Scotia and then expanding into other parts of Canada. More migrants arrivearrived after the American Revolution, as many Scots fled the American Colonies after they gained their independence, as because now many were seen as a potential "5th column" within the United States. In effect, what Culloden had done is hasten the rate of migration to North America and Nova Scotia in particularthat also helped to lead to subsequent migration.<ref>For more on Nova Scotia and Scottish migrants, see: Campey, L.H. (2004) <i>After the Hector: the Scottish pioneers of Nova Scotia and Cape Breton, 1773-1852</i>. Toronto, Natural Heritage Books.</ref>

For the natives of the region of Nova Scotia, such as the Mi'kmaq, they increasingly became marginalized and push deeper into the wilderness regions of Nova Scotia. This, over time, created a subjugation of not only the native population but also discrimination, often similar to what the fleeing highlanders' ancestors had faced back in Britain. While initially the highlanders and others did have animosity against the British, that began to change as they saw benefits provided by the British government in protecting them from native populations or the United States after 1776. Nova Scotia continued to be seen as a friendly place towards Scots into the 19th century, which hastened the pace of migration to Canada in that time from regions of Scotland.<ref>For more on the later history of migration into Canada and Nova Scotia, see: Owram, D. (1994) <i>Canadian history:: a reader’s guide. 1: Beginnings to Confederation</i>. Toronto, Univ. of Toronto Press.</ref>