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==Supply Lines==
[[File:TR_000978_kittyhawk.jpg|thumbnail|305px325px|left|RAF p-40 Kittyhawk in Africa, 1942]]
The Germans and the Italians supplies all came from Libya. The had to be supplied ultimately from Italy and Germany. The Axis forces never had enough supplies. This was because the majority of their supplies came by sea and the Allies restrict Axis shipping. This meant that Rommel had an insecure supply line, although he could source his oil from Libyan oil fields.
Then to compound the problems with supplies, the Axis army in Egypt had an overextended supply lines. This meant that after the first Battle of El Alamein that they did not have the reinforcements that they needed to replace their losses in men and material. Indeed, during the second Battle of El Alamein, the Axis began to run short of key supplies such as shells and gasoline. The lack of supplies meant that they Axis were at a decided disadvantage during the Battle of El Alamein. <ref>van Creveld, Martin. <i>Supplying War; Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p. 234</ref> Furthermore, not only had Montgomery been well-supplied they had received the latest weaponry including the Sherman tank, which was every bit as good as the German panzers.
==Allied Air Superiority==