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[[File:Science_and_Health_(Christian_Science)_and_the_Bible.jpg|thumbnail|320px|left|<i>Science and Health</i> by Mary Baker Eddy, and the <i>Holy Bible</i>.]]
In the United States during the second half of the Nineteenth Century, states passed a series of laws that slowly established a medical licensing system.<ref>Portions of this article are published here with the permission of the copyright holder, Sandvick, Clinton (2016)<i>''Defining the Practice of Medicine: Licensing American Physicians, 1870-1907.'', unpublished manuscript.</i></ref> Elite Regular, Homeopathic and Eclectic worked to together to eliminate medical practices that they found ridiculous. After medical licensing boards were established, they began to target marginalized medical practitioners for illegally practicing medicine. Interestingly, one of the groups targeted by these boards were was Christian Scientists even though they did not practice medicine in the traditional sense. Instead , they used religion and metaphysics to fight illness. While they did not act like as doctors, they often accepted money from the people that they were treating. By the end of the 19th Century, medical licensing boards began were aggressively filing criminal actions against Christian Scientists.
==The Theory and Beliefs of Christian Science==