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Stalin rejected this aid and forced the Eastern European states to do the same. By the time the program wound down in 1951, the U.S. gave $13 billion in many forms of assistance. The Marshall Plan effectively restarted the European economy, allowing industrial and agricultural production to surpass prewar levels and beyond. This laid the foundation for a massive boom, including the future German “economic miracle.” <ref>Kindleberger, Charles. ''[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415567823/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0415567823&linkCode=as2&tag=dailyh0c-20&linkId=164d5be27313be8e5dc06b0282e5d54d Marshall Plan Days],'' New York: Routledge, 1987. Page 66.</ref>

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There were similar seeds of conflict in East Asia. Soviet troops occupied much of China and Korea. Local communist forces had stayed in place in much of Vietnam. While the Nationalist faction in China was friendly with both the U.S.S.R. and the U.S., the Communist Party of China won a series of victories against the Nationalists in the re-emerging Chinese Civil War. By 1948 the Communists had effectively won the conflict, confining the Nationalist Republic of China to Taiwan. Furthermore, the Soviet forces in Korea established a client state in the northern half, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. In 1950 as American forces largely left Korea, the North invaded the South.

Proxy conflicts and espionage erupted around the globe during the Cold War. The early posturing and saber-rattling proved to be a template for future action by the Soviet Union, the United States, and their allies. As the conflict continued many of the first sites of tension erupted into wide-ranging diplomatic and military conflict.