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</ref> Alexander's battles were the first where European armies had encountered war elephants, which likely caused great fear in his army before eventually overcoming them in battle. Nevertheless, the difficulty of long campaigning and undoubtedly loss of many men led to his men tiring of battle and eventually forcing Alexander to pull his forces back, eventually reaching once again Babylon. By the time Alexander finished campaigning, he had created the first empire that connected Europe with Central Asia (Figure 2).
[[File:MacedonEmpire.jpg|left|thumbnail|Figure 2. The extent of Alexander's empire after his wars with the Persians, in Central Asia, and India.]]
==Why Was He Successful==
