Changes

By the 18th century, recording of weather became more standard, with Gabriel Fahrenheit and Anders Celsius giving us some standard ways we measure temperature that are still with us today. By the early 1800s, Luke Howard began to formulate cloud types in a standard form that allowed better understand of subsequent patterns in rainfall or atmospheric moisture. By 1817, Alexander Humboldt came up with the idea of climatic maps to indicate average global temperature. This began the modern measurement and monitoring of global temperature temperatures that have affected our own understanding of change such as global climate change. The 1830s and 1840s also saw many new types of equipment being utilized for weather monitoring, including measuring barometric pressure, use of storm clocks to measure meteorological data, and use of early cameras for weather observation.By 1849, the United States had developed a series of stations to monitor weather with data sent via telegraph. This long-distance recording and coordination of data allowed the understanding of the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature.<ref>For more on these 18th and early 19th century developments, see: Sherman Hollar (ed.) (2013) <i>Pioneers in the world of weather and climatology</i>. Inventors and innovators. 1st ed. New York, NY, Britannica Educational Pub. in association with Rosen Educational Services.</ref>

In the late 19th century, more complex and larger weather phenomena were better understood, such as hurricanes. Weather monitoring stations were utilized in the Atlantic to begin to record and provide warning about hurricane developments. By 1904, Australia developed a unified meteorological service to better standardize and monitor national weather. However, the next major game-changer for understanding and monitoring weather occurred with the development of radar in the 1940s. The Great Atlantic Hurricane of 1944 was the first hurricane recorded and monitored using radar. While radar technologies have changed, this has remained among the key ways in which we still can monitor and use data from to forecast where hurricanes can go.<ref>For more on late 19th and early 20th century developments, see: Galati, G. (2016) <i>100 years of radar</i>. Cham, Springer.</ref>

Since the 1970s, while technologies have improved, there has been also more devotion by institutions for weather monitoring. This has included the military, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NASA, as well as many local entities that provide near constant weather observations.<ref>For more on the US weather services, see: Bruce E. Johansen (ed.) (2017) <i>Climate change: an encyclopedia of science, society, and solutions</i>. Santa Barbara, California, ABC-CLIO, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC.</ref>