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__NOTOC__<div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Spartacus - 1960 - poster.png|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How accurate is Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus'?]]====The historical epic Spartacus (1960) is one of the best-known movies in cinema history. It caused a sensation on its release and was one of the most successful pictures of the 1960s. The movie was not only a commercial success it was a critical success and it received several Academy Awards. Spartacus was directed by the cinematic genius Stanley Kubrick. {{Mediawiki:kindleoasisRead more|How accurate is Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus'?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:Thomas_Jefferson_1786_by_Mather_BrownLast_Kingdom_2.jpegjpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?]]====Season 2 is divided into two novels from the Saxon Tales series written by Bernard Cornwell, namely books 3 and 4 (Season 1 was books 1-2). The novels span roughly between 878-886 (Figure 1). The main focus for Season 2 in the first four episodes is Uhtred's quest to go north from Wessex into Northumbria, a less tamed area of England that is ruled more by Danes but their hold is somewhat less clear. Uhtred seeks his ancestral home in Bebbanburg (Bamburgh Castle) and also wants revenge against Kjartan, who killed is adopted Danish father. {{Read more|How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Confederate_monument_Elmira_NY.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Thomas JeffersonWhy are there so many Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?]]====As one travels across the southern United States, it is not unusual to find monuments and memorials to the Confederate dead in many small towns. In fact, these sculptural pieces, often composed of the same statues and plinths from the Founding Fathers Monumental Bronze Co. of Bridgeport, Conn., can be found as far north as Pennsylvania and ChristianityNew York. A study in 2016 found some 1,500 monuments still standing. While in recent years these monuments have become a new source of political conversation their very erection was a movement by Confederate women. {{Read more|Why are there so many Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Interview with Sam Haselby16307509620 d1ab80ba6b.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What was lynching?]]====Recently on TwitterLynching is often described as a form of extralegal, vigilante violence or justice; however, its meaning has evolved over time—from the tarring and feathering of individuals in the Colonial period to the lethal, racial violence that proliferated in the South. According to Digital History, "Lynching received its name from Judge Charles Lynch, a debate broke out between Annette Virginia farmer who punished outlaws and Tories with "rough" justice during the American Revolution." The United States has a long history of vigilance committees whose purposes were to protect the community. According to Linda Gordon-Reed, Sam Haselby“vigilantism generally means bypassing the legal procedures of the state and substituting direct, usually punitive and John Fea on coercive action by self-appointed groups of citizens".{{Read more|What was lynching?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Tomb_of_Nakht.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What Was the nature Importance of Thomas Jefferson's religious beliefsAlcohol Consumption in Ancient Egypt?]]====There is a common misconception today that life in ancient Egypt was a dreary one for anyone not in the nobility. This image is probably at least partially derived from pop culture where scenes are common in movies that depict Egyptian peasants being worked to the death to make tombs and temples for their gods and kings. Instead The reality is that although the ancient Egyptian social system was quite different from that of recreating the debatemodern world, and they had few of today’s modern conveniences, it made Egyptians from all social classes enjoyed a leisure culture that was not much different than today’s. {{Read more sense to contact one |What Was the Importance of Alcohol Consumption in Ancient Egypt?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:L'aquarium; vue intérieure.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Did Public Aquariums Develop?]]====Large public aquariums have become fixtures in most major urban regions. In some places, they have become among the participantsleading attractions for city tourism, Sam Haselbywhere many aquariums have also expanded into conservation efforts and applied research along with being tourist destinations. The history of such aquariums is not completely modern, whose although the form in which we know aquariums today is mostly a recent book development. {{Read more|How Did Public Aquariums Develop?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Karl XII i Ystad 1715, målning av Johan Heinrich Wedekindt från 1719.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Why did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?]]====The Origins failed invasion of Russia by Hitler and Napoleon are well known. Less well-known is invasion of American Religious Nationalism Russia by the Swedes under their most famous king, Charles XII. Sweden in 1700 was the greatest Northern European power and this provoked the jealousy of its neighbors. This led to the Great Northern War. The culmination of this war was the Swedish monarch’s invasion of Russia and his subsequent defeat by Tsar Peter the Great at Poltava (published by Oxford University Press1709) examines .{{Read more|Why did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:The_Native_Ground.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How have Historians's perceptions of Native Americans changed?]]====In 1997, Kerwin Lee Klein, among others, observed that a wholesale change had occurred in how a conflict with Protestantismhistorians portrayed Native American history. Previously, historians and ethnographers had focused on “the tragedy of the vanishing Indian.”[1] Many Americans, even those sympathetic to Native Americans, in argued that Indians ultimately faced extinction. Even though this argument was undermined by the decades following US independence transformed continued survival of Native Americans, scholars were slow to reject it. The Native American national identityrights movement of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized the persistence of Native Americans.{{Read more|Thomas JeffersonHow have Historians's perceptions of Native Americans changed?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Abraham_Lincoln_Brigade.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[The Abraham Lincoln Brigade: the Historiography of the American soldiers in the Spanish American War]]====During the Spanish Civil War, approximately 2, 800 American men and women answered the call from the Communist party to defend the Founding Fathers Spanish republic from fascist aggression. These men and Christianitywomen served in the Fifteenth International Brigade and formed the Abraham Lincoln, Washington and MacKenzie-Papineau Battalions. These soldiers’ stories have been controversial, because 80 percent of these volunteers were Communists. {{Read more|The Abraham Lincoln Brigade: Interview with Sam Haselbythe Historiography of the American soldiers in the Spanish American War}}
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[[File:EngineeringvictoryAmerican_Girls_in_Red_Russia.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px150px]]====[[Engineering Victory during the Civil WarAmerican Girls in Red Russia: Interview with Thomas F. Army, Jr.Julia Mickenberg]]====Logistics win warsJulia L. Logistics is Mickenberg's new book American Girls in Russia: Chasing the Soviet Dream published by the University of Chicago Press explores the coordination history of complex operations such as movingthe American women who went to Russia looking for adventure, freedom, housing revolution, work and supplying troops new life. After they moved to Russia they found challenges and their equipmenthardships. War is Many were disturbed by both the ultimate test conditions of any logistician. During the Civil War, country and the Union troops fought almost the entire war in treatment of people by the South. Thomas F. Army, Jr. argues in his new book Engineering Victory: How Technology Won the Civil War published by Johns Hopkins University Press that the Union's engineering prowess during Civil War gave it an distinct advantage over the Confederacygovernment. {{Read more|Engineering Victory during the Civil WarAmerican Girls in Red Russia: Interview with Thomas F. Army, Jr.Julia Mickenberg}}
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[[File:Shantytown_USAGermanHyperChart.jpg|150px|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[Shantytown, USA: Interview with Lisa GoffWhat Were the Causes of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?]]====The Harvard University Press recently published Lisa Goff's new book Shantytown, USA: Forgotten Landscapes Among the defining features of the Working Poor. There's a chance that early twentieth century Europe and one of your American ancestors lived in an American shantytown. While we may not realize it nowthe contributing factors to World War II, shantytowns were a common feature of 19th century Americawas the economic maelstrom known as “hyperinflation” that ravaged Germany from 1921 until 1923. Goff's book explores not only how shantytowns became a prominent feature Although the short period is often overlooked in popular histories of America's towns and citiesthe period, but why middle class Americans eventually turned there is no denying the impacts that the process had on them Germany, Europe, and their residentsthe world. {{Read more|Shantytown, USA: Interview with Lisa GoffWhat Were the Causes of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?}}
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[[File:pink-triangle-armband32936173946 bc0836c5c5 o.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[Why Were Homosexuals Persecuted When did abortion become legal in Nazi Germanythe United States?]]====In Nazi Germanycolonial America, the ideal Aryan male abortion was stereotyped as being strong, handsome, fanatical about his appearance, and obsessed dealt with youthin a manner according to English common law. The ideal homosexual Abortion was stereotyped as being strongtypically only frowned upon, or penalized, handsomewhen it occurred after “quickening, fanatical about his appearance”—when a woman felt fetal movement—because it suggested that the fetus had manifested into its own separate being. Quickening could vary from women to woman, and obsessed with youthsometimes as late as four months. {{Read more|When did abortion become legal in the United States?}}</div> <div class="portal">[[File: Ancient_ziggurat. jpg|150px|thumbnail|left]]====[[What Was the Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?]]====The people of ancient Mesopotamia practiced a religion that modern scholars are only overt distinction between these two groups just now beginning to understand and the physical focal point of men was their sexual proclivity; religion were the monumental, triangular structures known as ziggurats. {{Read more|What Was the Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?}}</div> <div class="portal">[[File:Immigrants_Ellis.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger]]====David Roediger’s book <i>Working Toward Whiteness: How America’s Immigrants Became White: The Strange Journey from Ellis Island to the Suburbs</i> continues his provocative exploration of whiteness studies by examining how southern and eastern European immigrants became white during the first half of the twentieth century. Roediger argues that “the long, circuitous process by which was not exclusive to one group‘new immigrants’ became ‘white ethnics’” matters. {{Read more|Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger}}</div> <div class="portal">[[File:Marco Polo traveling. jpeg|left|thumbnail|200px]] ====[[What Is the History of Ice Cream?]]====Ice cream has been a popular treat that many see today as having developed relatively recently, as ice cream usually requires a form of refrigeration. While the modern form of ice cream is relatively more recent, the idea of ice cream has been present for millennia. Ice treats, which eventually gave us ice cream, were refreshing snacks usually reserved for elites or those who can obtain ice in times of warm or hot weather. {{Read more|Why Were Homosexuals Persecuted in Nazi GermanyWhat Is the History of Ice Cream?}}
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[[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S62600,_Adolf_HitlerTod des Spartacus by Hermann Vogel.jpg|thumbnail|left|150px200px]]====[[The Nazi triumph: how did Adolf Hitler become What was the Fuehrer impact of GermanySpartacus' uprising on Rome?]]====With Spartacus was a Thracian and he had once fought with the death of German President Paul von HindenburgRomans. According to Plutarch, Chancellor Adolf Hitler became absolute dictator of Germany under the title Fuehrer or “Leader”he was enslaved by them after he had deserted. Due to his strength and military skills he was trained as a gladiator. The German army took an oath of allegiance In 73BC, he plotted to its new commander-escape from his gladiatorial school, near Capua in-chief, southern Italy and was joined in the last remnants of Germany’s democratic government were dismantled conspiracy by up to make way for Hitler’s Third Reich100 other gladiators. {{Read more|The Nazi triumph: how did Adolf Hitler become What was the Fuehrer impact of GermanySpartacus' uprising on Rome?}}
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[[File:1200px-Alexander_the_Great_mosaicHoecke_Croesus_showing_his_treasures.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|250px200px]]====[[Why was Alexander How Did Croesus Become the Wealthiest Man in the Great So Successful In His ConquestsAncient World?]]====In According the public's mindfifth century BC Greek historian Herodotus, few well known conquerors in history match who has often been called the exploits “father of Alexander history,” the GreatLydian King Croesus (ruled ca. In just a few years, from 334560-330 540s BC) was the world’s wealthiest king who ruled the world’s wealthiest kingdom. When Salon, Alexander would go on the legendary Athenian law giver, came to conquer Lydia see the largest empire the world king’s wealth personally, Croesus immediately had known and establish his own empire that eventually stretched from Greece servants “take him on a tour of the royal treasuries” in order to India“point out the richness and magnificence of everything. ”{{Read more|Why was Alexander How Did Croesus Become the Wealthiest Man in the Great So Successful In His ConquestsAncient World?}}
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[[File:Wc0107Oseberg_ship_-04780r_IMG_9129.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]] ====[[What if the Vikings Never Invaded England?]]====The Viking, or more accurately Danish and Norsemen, invasions of England in the 9th century CE (865) helped lead to what ultimately would become the united country of England. Before 865, England was divided into four or sometimes more countries, populated by Angles and Saxons (or Anglo-Saxons).{{Read more|What if the Vikings Never Invaded England?}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:1906roome_td_yale.png|thumbnail|left|250px]]====[[How did Winston Churchill become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in World War TwoDid Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?]]====Winston Churchill led a remarkable lifeIn 1905, but perhaps the most remarkable element in his life was how he became prime minister in 1940American football faced an crisis. Just a few years earlier he was widely seen as politically isolated Far to many young men were being killed while playing football and no one was widely ridiculed for his viewstaking any serious actions to reduce the risks. Yet in 1940, he was appointed his nation’s Prime Minister The headline at its darkest hours and became the leader top of the fight against Nazi Germanyright hand column in ''The Chicago Sunday Tribune'' on November 26, 1905 screamed, "Football Year's Death Harvest - Record Shows That Nineteen Players Have Been Killed; One Hundred Thirty-seven Hurt - Two Are Slain Saturday. "{{Read more|How did Winston Churchill become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in World War TwoDid Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?}}
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[[File:Eriduiraq4000bcPrivateering.jpegjpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px150px]]====[[Privateering during the War of 1812: Interview with Faye M. Kert]]====During the War 1812, US and Canadian privateers fought most of the naval battles between the United States and Great Britain. These privateers were comprised of captains who were motivated by the promise of profit to fight for their countries. There was a strong legal framework in both the United States and Great Britain that normalized piracy. Canadian and American ship owners and investors took advantage of it and funded privateering outfits during the war. Needless to say, privateers were incredibly risky investments.{{Read more|Privateering during the War of 1812: Interview with Faye M. Kert}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:Cayleff.jpg|thumbnail|left|150px]]====[[What Factors Led to the Creation of the First Cities?Nature's Path: Interview with Susan E. Cayleff]]====The rise At the very end of cities in the ancient Near East during the fourth millennium BC (4000-3000 BC) is 19th Century, a key event in the history new system called naturopathy was created by Benedict and Louisa Stroebel Lust. Unlike many of the world, as urban patterns that first arose there became patterns inherited in many societies19th Century medical systems created, naturopathy has persevered to this day. Naturopathic healing was founded and based on number of influences including in the West. Cities in the ancient Near East were the first to develop major templesbotanics, palaceshydrotherapy, large urban dwelling areas, city walls, governmentseclecticism, temperance and religious authorities that become features seen in later citiesvegetarianism. {{Read more|What Factors Led to the Creation of the First Cities?Nature's Path: Interview with Susan E. Cayleff}}
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[[File:French Prisoners 1940British_Lancers.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]]====[[Why did the Battle of the Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?]]====The Battle of the Somme or the Somme Offensive was a series of battles that occurred during the Summer and Autumn of 1916. It involved British and French forces launching a massive assault on the German lines in an effort to break the stalemate on the Western Front. The Battle was primarily a battle between the Germans and the British. The offensive achieved very little and both sides suffered heavy casualties. The British only advanced a few miles and the German lines held. The stalemate was not broken by the offensive. {{Read more|Why did the Battle of the Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:French_soldiers.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why was France defeated in 1940?Origins of World War One - Top Ten Booklist]]====In September 1939, the Nazi The First World War Machine invaded Poland was an incredibly destructive and World War II beganwide ranging catastrophe. France Not only did it dramatically change the map of Europe and its Britain declared against Nazi Germany in 1939the world and it led to further instability. The French army First World War was one of the most important wars in theory as strong as the Germanys and it had a vast Empire and a sophisticated arms industryhuman history. It had also established There has long been a series of fortifications in debate about the east exact cause of the country, known as the Maginot LineFirst World War. The Line was designed to keep German forces out assassination of Francethe Archduke Ferdinand triggered the war but its ultimate causes were far more complex.{{Read more|Why did the United States and Soviet Union Reach Detente During the Cold Origins of World War?One - Top Ten Booklist}}
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[[File:Hodges_scoutQueen_Anne's_Lace_(25468119510).jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]]====[[What was used for birth control in medieval Europe?]]====Birth is a universal experience for humanity and therefore, so is conception. This makes the issue of contraception one which stretched back into antiquity. While this topic is frequently in modern news, the historic practices of contraception and the specific methods utilized are rarely touched upon. {{Read more|What was used for birth control in medieval Europe?}}</div>
<div class="portal" >[[File:GW-painting.jpg|thumbnail|left|180px]]====[[HodgesWhat was George Washington' Scout: Interview with Len Traverss military experience before the American Revolution?]]====Johns Hopkins University Press has recently published Len TraverThe Second Continental Congress voted unanimously to put George Washington in charge of the Continental Army in 1775. Washington was only 43 years old at the time, a gentleman planter and local Virginian politician. {{Read more|What was George Washington's new book Hodges' Scoutmilitary experience before the American Revolution?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File: A Lost Patrol 512px-Filip II Macedonia.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[How did Phillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?]]====Alexander the Great is one of the most famous men in history. However, it is generally recognized that Alexander’s achievements would have been impossible without his father, Philip II of Macedon, who reigned from 359 to 336 B.C. He is not as well-known as his son but he laid the foundations for the great Empire of Alexander.{{Read more|How did Phillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Egyptian kitchen Berlin 1.jpg|thumbnail|left|220px]]=====[[How did kitchens develop?]]=====Few places in a home are as important or symbolic for our social bonds than the French kitchen. In almost every culture, the kitchen serves not only as the place where food is prepared, but serves as a social hub for families and friends. Humans develop deep social bonds with family and Indian Warfriends in their kitchen. The kitchen does not simply provide for our daily nutrition but also helps to reinforce our social character. Travers' book examines Whether humans are cooking around a group of colonial scouts who were ambushed fire or chopping vegetables on a patrol granite counter-top, they are also interacting with one another. {{Read more|How did kitchens develop?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Christiaan_Barnard_(1968).jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When did the First Heart Transplant take place?]]====When Christiaan Barnard performed the first heart transplant in upstate New York 1967, it was initially seen as remarkable scientific achievement, but overtime both the medical community and the general public were forced to re-evaluate heart transplants. The medical community quickly realized that the first transplants were little more than dangerous and unpredictable experiments.{{Read more|When did the First Heart Transplant take place?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Keller.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?]]====Helen Keller (1880–1967) is best known for her triumph over blindness, deafness, and muteness. Rescued from the isolation of her afflictions as a young girl by French the Perkins Institute for the Blind teacher Anne Sullivan, Keller learned to understand a basic form of sign language and learned to “feel” and imitate the sound of the human voice. {{Read more|Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Anthophyllite_asbestos_SEM.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?]]====The history of Mesothelioma is complicated. Medicine struggled to establish its existence and Native American soldiers during understand what caused it. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that forms on the "tissues that cover the French lungs and Indian Warabdomen. Travers uses this massacre " Mesothelioma is typically tied to explore the lives exposure of people to asbestos in either their environment or workplace.{{Read more|When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Rabbbi's_Atheist_.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[The Rabbi's Atheist Daughter: Interview with Bonnie S. Anderson]]====History is fickle. During the colonists who fought19th Century, Ernestine Rose was one of the most important and famous international advocates for feminism, died free thought and even survived anti-slavery. She worked closely with renowned figures in this massacremovement such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.Despite her contributions to feminism, atheism, and anti-slavery, since her death she has slowly been erased from history. {{Read more| HodgesThe Rabbi' Scouts Atheist Daughter: Interview with Len TraversBonnie S. Anderson}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Skythian_archer_plate_BM_E135_by_Epiktetos.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[When did Men Start Wearing Pants?]]====Why did humans start wearing pants? To answer this question it’s important to understand two things - first, what were the earliest forms of clothing and how did they evolve into pants and secondly, why did a need for pants develop? It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants - specifically a bifurcated garment for the bottom half of the body which covers from waist to the lower leg. It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants - specifically a bifurcated garment for the bottom half of the body which covers from waist to the lower leg. {{Read more|When did Men Start Wearing Pants?}}
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[[File:Angels_of_the_Underground_Into_the_Jaws_of_Death_23-0455M_edit for my series headline photo.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]] ====[[What Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?]]====June 6, 1944 was arguably the most pivotal day of World War II. Operation Overlord was set to be launched and if successful, was to open a second front in Europe so as to attack Germany from all sides. Stalin’s Soviet Army had been battling the German Army since late 1942 in Stalingrad, Leningrad, and Moscow. {{Read more|What Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?}}</div>
<div class="portal">====[[Angels of the UndergroundBook Review: Interview with Theresa Kaminski"The Assassin's Accomplice."]]====The Oxford University Press recently published Theresa Kaminski[[File:Assassins_accomplice.jpg|left|thumb|150px]]Kate Clifford Larson's Angels book The Assassin’s Accomplice: Mary Surratt and the Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln is a well-researched narrative exploring the prosecution of the Underground: Mary Surratt. The American Women who Resisted Assassin’s Accomplice details the Japanese events that revolved around Mrs. Surratt in the Philippines in World War II. Kaminski's book follows days and weeks leading up to the lives assassination of four American women who were stranded in the Philippines after Japan invaded during World War IIPresident Lincoln. Publishers Weekly described her book as a "fast-paced true story" that documents how these women resisted Japanese occupation. {{Read more| Angels of the UndergroundBook Review: Interview with Theresa Kaminski"The Assassin's Accomplice."}}
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====[[How Did Black Pepper Spread in Popularity?]]====
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Visiting a restaurant in the Western world or even a home often means finding salt and black pepper as common condiments on the table used to give taste to our dishes. Salt has been native to many regions and is commonly found; however, black pepper was a far more limited plant (Piper nigrum) that natively grew in South and Southeast Asia.{{Read more|How Did Black Pepper Spread in Popularity?}}
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====[[American Revolution Top Ten Booklist]]====
On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed by the Continental Congress. This act was only the first step towards the creation of the United States. The impact of this revolution cannot be ignored. {{Read more|American Revolution Top Ten Booklist}}
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====[[Inventing the Pinkertons: Interview with Paul O'Hara]]====
In 1850, Allan Pinkerton founded a detective agency that would grow into the Pinkerton's National Detective Agency. Pinkerton's agency is easily the most famous and infamous security guard and detective agency in United States history. Pinkerton originally created the agency to help railroad companies investigate their employees and catch train robbers. But over time, the Pinkertons developed an intimate relationship with the federal government and as these partnerships grew the Pinkertons' role increased dramatically. {{Read more|Inventing the Pinkertons: Interview with Paul O'Hara}}
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<div class="portal">[[File:652px-First_Oil_Well.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[How did Edwin Drake create the World's first oil well?]]==Articles==Here are some Even though there was no one "first discover" of our most recently created oil. Oil was known in antiquity when it was used to heal wounds. But by the middle of the 19th century methods for collecting oil from the ground had not changed for thousands of years. Edwin Drake's oil fundamentally changed this process and edited articlesdramatically increased oil production around the world.{{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descendingRead more|count=7How did Edwin Drake create the World's first oil well?}}
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====[[Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten Booklist]]====
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Creating a Top Ten List for the Gilded Age/Progressive Era is challenging. There are an extraordinary number of outstanding books on this period. These books are a selection of our favorites. Creating a Top Ten List for the Gilded Age/Progressive Era is challenging. There are an extraordinary number of outstanding books on this period. These books are a selection of our favorites. Most of these books are focused on trying to define this era as whole, instead of focusing on a single issue.{{Read more|Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten Booklist}}
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<div class="portal">[[File:Samuel_Hahnemann_1841.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?]]==Interviews==These are our interviews with historians discussing Nineteenth-century medicine was characterized by constant competition among three major medical sects: Regulars, Eclectics, and Homeopaths.[1] Each of these medical sects not only meaningfully disagreed on how to treat illnesses and diseases, but sought to portray their new bookstype of practice as the most effective and scientific.{{#dpl:category=InterviewsRead more|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=7What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?}}
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====[[Why did the Congress of Vienna fail to stop future European wars?]]====
The Congress of Vienna was a gathering of representatives of European kingdoms that was presided over by the Austrian Chancellor Klemens Von Metternich. The Congress was held in Vienna from 1814 to 1815. The goals of the Congress were to secure peace and stability in Europe and to ensure that revolutions did not destabilize the Continent. {{Read more|Why did the Congress of Vienna fail to stop future European wars?}}
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====[[History of God Top Ten Booklist]]====
The concept of God and his historical development is an extraordinarily complex topic and it is not easily addressed in ten books. These books seek attempt to explain a complex story on how the concept of God developed in different cultures, places, and across time. The history of the idea of God is long and has its roots from prehistoric to early historic periods in the ancient Near East. Later cultures developed concepts that derive from ancient Iran, Greece, Egypt, and perhaps other regions.{{Read more|History of God Top Ten Booklist}}
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<div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:William-wallace-monument-1256291 1280.jpeg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How historically accurate is Braveheart?]]==Booklists==Includes our most recent Expert Braveheart was a popular movie released in 1995 that won 5 Oscars and featured Mel Gibson as William Wallace. Wallace was a Scottish knight who became a hero in the Scottish rebellions against the English in the late 13th and early 14th century. The movie helped to inspire Scottish national pride while also, to some, represent an early, Medieval warrior who fought for freedom for himself and his people. While much of the story depicted did occur, including the English occupation of Scotland during the time of Edward I, king of England, the depiction of the revolt against the English and User created Top Ten History Booklistsother events do not correspond well to historical accounts.{{#dplRead more|How historically accurate is Braveheart?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:category90%">[[File: Drysocks.JPG |thumbnail|200px|left]]===Booklists=[[What Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?]]====Bill Mauldin once said that the infantryman “gives more and gets less than anybody else.” He knew this from his experience on the front lines with K Company, 180th Infantry Regiment, of the 45th Division. Mauldin went through basic training as an infantryman and stayed with his regiment throughout the invasion of Sicily and the Allied campaign up the boot of Italy. The talented cartoonist succeeded in ruffling the feathers of the “brass” all the way up to General George Patton.{{Read more|ordermethodWhat Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?}}</div> <div class="portal" style=firstedit"font-size:90%">[[File:Florence_Cathedral.jpg|thumbnail|left|order200px]]====[[Why did the Italian Renaissance End?]]=descending===The Italian Renaissance was one of the most exciting periods in human civilisation. It witnessed a great flourishing of the arts, literature, philosophy, architecture and politics. Many of the greatest figures in World Civilisation appeared during the Renaissance in Italy, including Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, Machiavelli and Raphael.{{Read more|count=7Why did the Italian Renaissance End?}}
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[[File:Gettysburg.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]]
====[[Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist]]====
A DailyHistory.org top ten booklist focusing on best book on the battles of the American Civil War. The books on this list explore the battles of Antietam, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, and many others. Take a look at our list. {{Read more|Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist}}
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====[[Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?]]====
Hitler saw the war in terms of his personal rivalry with Stalin and he decided to attack the city, because of its symbolic value. However, the original aim of the offensive in Southern Russian was to secure the oil fields in the Caucasus. The oil was essential for the German war machine. Hitler knew this – instead of opting for concentrating all his forces on the conquest of the oil fields, he made perhaps a fateful mistake.{{Read more|Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?}}
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====[[The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?]]====
Directly or indirectly, Jim Bowie’s enigmatic illness resulted from his own actions. A hearty man of six feet in height, Bowie was a walking contradiction; a slave trader who fought for freedom, a generous and congenial man who called out his thunderous temper on a whim, and a commanding leader who was prone to binges of sloppy drunkenness.
{{Read more|The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?}}
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====History of Religion====
{{#dpl:category=Religious History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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====Ancient Greek History====
{{#dpl:category=Ancient Greek History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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====American Civil War====
{{#dpl:category=Civil War|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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====19th Century History====
{{#dpl:category=19th Century History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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====Renaissance History====
{{#dpl:category=Renaissance History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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====History of Early US Republic====
*[[Thomas Jefferson, the Founding Fathers and Christianity: Interview with Sam Haselby]]
*[[The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798: Interview with Terri Halperin]]
*[[Fate of the Revolution: Interview with Lorri Glover]]
*[[American Revolution Top Ten Booklist]]
*[[What was George Washington's military experience before the American Revolution?]]
*[[Hodges' Scout: Interview with Len Travers]]
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====Sports History====
*[[Did Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?]]
*[[How did modern boxing emerge?]]
*[[How did the game of golf emerge?]]
*[[How did the marathon emerge?]]
*[[How did the modern tennis emerge?]]
*[[Who integrated the NBA?]]
*[[How did hunting become a symbol of the aristocracy/royalty]]
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====Legal History====
*[[American Legal History Top Ten Booklist]]
*[[American Surveillance: Interview with Anthony Gregory]]
*[[How did the Sharia Law develop?]]
*[[How has the Roman Lex Mercatoria evolved to play a role in modern International Trade and Commerce Codification?]]
*[[How does The Magna Carta influence the Modern Perceptions of Civil Rights?]]
*[[How has ancient Rome influenced European law?]]
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====World War I====
{{#dpl:category=World War One History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}
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==Blog Roll==European Interwar Political History====*[[How did Vladimir Lenin Rise To Power?]]*[[How Joseph Stalin became the leader of the Soviet Union]]*[[How did Mussolini become Prime Minister of Italy?]]*[[Primed for Violence in Interwar Poland: Interview with Paul Brykczynski]]*[[The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact- Stalin’s greatest mistake?]]*[[The Nazi triumph: how did Adolf Hitler become the Fuehrer of Germany?]]*[[Why did the the Weimar Republic Collapse?]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====World War Two===={{#dpl:category=World War Two History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====British History===={{#dpl:category=British History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div><div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Roman History===={{#dpl:category=Roman History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Historically Accurate===={{#dpl:category=Historically Accurate|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Interviews===={{#dpl:category=Interviews|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Booklists===={{#dpl:category=Booklists|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Articles====Here are some of our most recently created and edited articles.{{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Book Reviews====Here are some of our most recent book reviews.{{#dpl:category=Book Review|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Great History Sites====
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