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The American Airborne transported its paratroopers via C-47 transport planes, which were neither armed nor armored. These aircraft and their crews had no means by which to defend themselves once the German anti-aircraft guns began to fire. Further, since they were not armor-plated, due to weight, being hit by flak or shrapnel in an engine or fuel tank was catastrophic for the aircraft and crew. After the tight V formation of planes crossed the English Channel, German guns opened fire and immediately began to cause irreparable damage to the 101st and 82nd aircraft.<ref>Stephen Toth, "Total War and Crisis" (lecture, Arizona State University, Glendale, November 17, 2011).</ref> [[File:Paratroopers_just_before_They_Took_off_for_the_Initial_Assault_of_D-Day 101st.jpg|thumbnail|250px|left|Paratroopers aboard a C-47 waiting to take-off, June 6, 1944, 0100 hours.]]The American C-47 pilots were relatively inexperienced in combat flying. The lack of experience, combined with the fact that the crews were ordered to fly under radio silence, compounded an already perilous situation. Some of the pilots ordered the jump too soon while others waited too long. As a result of the ill-timed jumps, scores of paratroopers were dropped at an altitude too low for success.  Many were dropped at sea while others jumped into flooded fields. Other companies jumped into heavily defended towns and were either shot down while descending or captured once they hit the ground. Some paratroopers never got to jump at all as several aircraft were damaged in flight to the extent that they crash-landed or exploded while still in flight; the aircraft carrying their crews and full complements of paratroopers were casualties of war. One such aircraft crashed into a hedgerow and immediately burst into flames.

[[File:woundedomaha.jpg|thumbnail|left|250px|Wounded soldiers of the U.S. 16th Infantry Regiment on Omaha Beach, June 6, 1944.]]The showdown at Omaha pitted the U.S. 1st Division against the 352nd of Germany. This beach was comparatively narrow and culminated in a steep, fortified bluff. At the base of the bluff , the Americans faced a swampy sea wall and an anti-tank ditch the Germans had constructed. Adding to the natural and German-made obstacles, the Americans faced their own problems. The Navy launched the landing craft too far out in the channel; as the sea was choppy this resulted in a heavy loss of men and equipment due to capsized vessels.<ref>Lyons, 251.</ref> Further, as the previous airborne mission failed to meet its objective, the troops landing on Omaha were very vulnerable. They landed fell in an unorganized fashion , and a tremendous number of the first wave were killed before exiting the craft. German defenders were firing unhindered from the bunkers and casements atop the bluff , and the American G.I.s were out in the open. The only chance for the cover was to reach the base of the bluff. Men lost their weapons during the landings and dodged behind the wooden obstacles Marshall Rommel had constructed. They were also forced to duck behind the dead bodies of their comrades. The Navy bombardment had little effect on the German guns , and initially , Rommel’s defense was holding; however, the German commander feared his line would become untenable.[[File:woundedomaha.jpg|thumbnail|250px|Wounded soldiers of the U.S. 16th Infantry Regiment on Omaha Beach, June 6, 1944.]]Once the invasion began, the German command acted with confusion. They were of the belief believed that the weather would delay the Allied invasion for a month. Additionally, even after the landings were initiated at Normandy, Field Marshal Rundstedt still held that the primary target was Pas de Calais. Rommel was certain that this attack on Normandy was , in fact , the primary objective of the Allied plan. He requested that all available Panzer divisions be sent immediately to Normandy in addition to infantry being held in reserve. Rundstedt, who had convinced Hitler that Calais was the target, refused Rommel’s request without first speaking to the Führer. He called Hitler to request permission to move two Panzer divisions to Normandy. Hitler was sleeping. No member of Hitler’s staff had the nerve to wake him, which resulted in a twelve -hour delay in moving the tanks.<ref>Lyons, 249-50.</ref>

*[[What were the goals of the Axis powers and the Soviet Union during {{#dpl:category=World War Two?]]*[[How Did the German Military Develop Blitzkrieg?]]*[[Why did Operation Market Garden in 1944 fail?]]*[[D-Day: What Factors Were Considered When Planning Operation Overlord?]]*[[How did Adolf Hitler become the Fuhrer of Germany?]]*[[Why was France defeated in 1940?]]History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=12}}