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__NOTOC__{{Mediawiki:kindleoasis}}<div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:VDC_book_coverSpartacus - 1960 - poster.jpgpng|thumbnail|200px|left|200px]]====[[Fate of the Revolution: Interview with Lorri GloverHow accurate is Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus'?]]====Starting in 1787, states began to ratify the newly drafted federal Constitution which would determine the fate The historical epic Spartacus (1960) is one of the new American Republicbest-known movies in cinema history. In order for It caused a sensation on its release and was one of the Constitution to go in effect, nine most successful pictures of the states needed to agree to the document1960s. While five states quickly ratified the Constitution between December 1787 and January 1788, the country's eyes stayed on Virginia. Virginia The movie was not only a commercial success it was the most populated and largest state a critical success and it received several Academy Awards. Spartacus was critical for directed by the state to ratify the Constitution to legitimize the processcinematic genius Stanley Kubrick. {{Read more|Fate of the Revolution: Interview with Lorri GloverHow accurate is Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus'?}}
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 <div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:Px-Epikouros BM 1843Last_Kingdom_2.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?]]====Season 2 is divided into two novels from the Saxon Tales series written by Bernard Cornwell, namely books 3 and 4 (Season 1 was books 1-2). The novels span roughly between 878-886 (Figure 1). The main focus for Season 2 in the first four episodes is Uhtred's quest to go north from Wessex into Northumbria, a less tamed area of England that is ruled more by Danes but their hold is somewhat less clear. Uhtred seeks his ancestral home in Bebbanburg (Bamburgh Castle) and also wants revenge against Kjartan, who killed is adopted Danish father. {{Read more|How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Confederate_monument_Elmira_NY.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Why are there so many Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?]]====As one travels across the southern United States, it is not unusual to find monuments and memorials to the Confederate dead in many small towns. In fact, these sculptural pieces, often composed of the same statues and plinths from the Monumental Bronze Co. of Bridgeport, Conn., can be found as far north as Pennsylvania and New York. A study in 2016 found some 1,500 monuments still standing. While in recent years these monuments have become a new source of political conversation their very erection was Epicurus and his philosophy a movement by Confederate women. {{Read more|Why are there so importantmany Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:16307509620 d1ab80ba6b.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What was lynching?]]====Epicurus Lynching is often associated described as one a form of extralegal, vigilante violence or justice; however, its meaning has evolved over time—from the tarring and feathering of individuals in the Greek philosophers more interested Colonial period to the lethal, racial violence that proliferated in pleasure or the South. According to Digital History, "Lynching received its pursuit than other idealsname from Judge Charles Lynch, a Virginia farmer who punished outlaws and Tories with "rough" justice during the American Revolution. While at times this led to " The United States has a negative view long history of his philosophyvigilance committees whose purposes were to protect the community. According to Linda Gordon, “vigilantism generally means bypassing the legal procedures of the state and substituting direct, usually punitive and coercive action by self-appointed groups of citizens".{{Read more|What was lynching?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Tomb_of_Nakht.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What Was the Importance of Alcohol Consumption in Ancient Egypt?]]====There is a common misconception today that life in ancient Egypt was a dreary one for anyone not in the nobility. This image is probably at least partially derived from pop culture where scenes are common in movies that depict Egyptian peasants being worked to the death to make tombs and temples for their gods and kings. The reality is his thinking that although the ancient Egyptian social system was very advanced quite different from that of the modern world, and developedthey had few of today’s modern conveniences, leading to his ideas becoming highly influential Egyptians from all social classes enjoyed a leisure culture that was not much different than today’s. {{Read more|What Was the Importance of Alcohol Consumption in modern thought Ancient Egypt?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:L'aquarium; vue intérieure.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Did Public Aquariums Develop?]]====Large public aquariums have become fixtures in many most major urban regions of . In some places, they have become among the world todayleading attractions for city tourism, where many aquariums have also expanded into conservation efforts and applied research along with being tourist destinations. He was one The history of such aquariums is not completely modern, although the first Greek philosophers to develop form in which we know aquariums today is mostly a strong tradition that avoid superstition as a core idealrecent development.{{Read more|Why was Epicurus and his philosophy so importantHow Did Public Aquariums Develop?}}
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 <div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:Almost_a_MiracleKarl XII i Ystad 1715, målning av Johan Heinrich Wedekindt från 1719.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|200px]]====[[American Revolution Top Ten BooklistWhy did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?]]====On July 4, 1776, the Declaration The failed invasion of Russia by Hitler and Napoleon are well known. Less well-known is invasion of Independence was signed Russia by the Continental CongressSwedes under their most famous king, Charles XII. This act Sweden in 1700 was only the first step towards greatest Northern European power and this provoked the creation jealousy of the United Statesits neighbors. The United States then fought a seven year war This led to cement its independence from England. The successful fight for independence has had a remarkable impact on world history over the past 200 years. The United States gradually transformed itself from a former colony into a superpowerGreat Northern War. The impact culmination of this revolution cannot be ignoredwar was the Swedish monarch’s invasion of Russia and his subsequent defeat by Tsar Peter the Great at Poltava (1709). {{Read more|American Revolution Top Ten BooklistWhy did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?}}
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 <div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:Plato Academy MAN Napoli Inv124545The_Native_Ground.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|200px]]====[[What was PlatoHow have Historians's academy and why did it influence Western thoughtperceptions of Native Americans changed?]]====The AcademyIn 1997, Kerwin Lee Klein, among others, founded by the philosopher Plato observed that a wholesale change had occurred in the early 4th century BCEhow historians portrayed Native American history. Previously, was perhaps one historians and ethnographers had focused on “the tragedy of the earliest institutions of higher learningvanishing Indian. While it was not like a university where people would enroll and obtain advanced degrees”[1] Many Americans, it functioned as one of the first places for dedicated research into scientific and philosophical questions, at least in Europeeven those sympathetic to Native Americans, took place by gathered scholarsargued that Indians ultimately faced extinction. Its main function Even though this argument was to teach Plato's philosophical understandingundermined by the continued survival of Native Americans, but it also challenged its scholars were slow to develop a new understanding reject it. The Native American rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized the persistence of our universeNative Americans. {{Read more|What was PlatoHow have Historians's academy and why did it influence Western thoughtperceptions of Native Americans changed?}}
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 <div class="portal" style="widthfont-size:8590%;">[[File:The_Alien_and_Sedition_Acts_of_1789Abraham_Lincoln_Brigade.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|200px]]====[[The Alien and Sedition Acts Abraham Lincoln Brigade: the Historiography of 1798: Interview with Terri Halperinthe American soldiers in the Spanish American War]]====The Alien During the Spanish Civil War, approximately 2,800 American men and Sedition Acts of 1798 were four laws that were passed by women answered the call from the predominantly Federalist Congress and signed by John Adams Communist party to strengthen defend the national security of the United StatesSpanish republic from fascist aggression. These acts not only restricted men and women served in the ability of an immigrant to become a citizenFifteenth International Brigade and formed the Abraham Lincoln, but made it easier to deport nonWashington and MacKenzie-citizens who were either deemed dangerous or were citizens of hostile countriesPapineau Battalions. Perhaps the most contentious aspect These soldiers’ stories have been controversial, because 80 percent of the new laws criminalized the printing or speaking allegedly false statements about the federal government. Not surprisingly, these laws volunteers were incredibly controversial and strongly opposed by Thomas Jefferson's opposition Democratic-Republican partyCommunists. {{Read more|The Alien and Sedition Acts Abraham Lincoln Brigade: the Historiography of 1798: Interview with Terri Halperinthe American soldiers in the Spanish American War}}
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[[File:Samuel_Hahnemann_1841American_Girls_in_Red_Russia.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px150px]]====[[What was the dominant medical sect American Girls in the United States during the 19th Century?Red Russia: Interview with Julia Mickenberg]]====Nineteenth-century medicine was characterized Julia L. Mickenberg's new book American Girls in Russia: Chasing the Soviet Dream published by constant competition among three major medical sects: Regularsthe University of Chicago Press explores the history of the American women who went to Russia looking for adventure, freedom, Eclecticsrevolution, work and Homeopathsnew life.[1] Each of these medical sects not only meaningfully disagreed on how After they moved to treat illnesses Russia they found challenges and diseases, but sought to portray their type hardships. Many were disturbed by both the conditions of practice as the most effective country and scientific. Arguably none the treatment of people by the three sects was superior to the others, but their adherents concluded that their sectarian beliefs were better than their competitorsnew government. {{Read more|What was the dominant medical sect American Girls in the United States during the 19th Century?Red Russia: Interview with Julia Mickenberg}}
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[[File:Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale,_1800GermanHyperChart.jpg|150px|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[Thomas Jefferson, What Were the Founding Fathers and Christianity: Interview with Sam HaselbyCauses of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?]]====Recently on Twitter, a debate broke out between Annette Gordon-Reed, Sam Haselby, and John Fea on Among the nature defining features of Thomas Jefferson's religious beliefs. Instead early twentieth century Europe and one of recreating the debatecontributing factors to World War II, it made more sense to contact one was the economic maelstrom known as “hyperinflation” that ravaged Germany from 1921 until 1923. Although the short period is often overlooked in popular histories of the participantsperiod, Sam Haselbythere is no denying the impacts that the process had on Germany, whose recent book ''The Origins of American Religious Nationalism'' (published by Oxford University Press) examines how a conflict with ProtestantismEurope, in and the decades following US independence transformed American national identityworld.{{Read more|Thomas Jefferson, What Were the Founding Fathers and Christianity: Interview with Sam HaselbyCauses of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?}}
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[[File:Engineeringvictory32936173946 bc0836c5c5 o.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[Engineering Victory during When did abortion become legal in the Civil War: Interview with Thomas F. Army, Jr.United States?]]====Logistics win warsIn colonial America, abortion was dealt with in a manner according to English common law. Logistics is the coordination of complex operations such as movingAbortion was typically only frowned upon, or penalized, housing and supplying troops and their equipment. War is the ultimate test of any logistician. During the Civil Warwhen it occurred after “quickening, ”—when a woman felt fetal movement—because it suggested that the Union troops fought almost the entire war in the South. Thomas Ffetus had manifested into its own separate being. ArmyQuickening could vary from women to woman, Jr. argues in his new book Engineering Victory: How Technology Won the Civil War published by Johns Hopkins University Press that the Union's engineering prowess during Civil War gave it an distinct advantage over the Confederacyand sometimes as late as four months.{{Read more|Engineering Victory during When did abortion become legal in the Civil War: Interview with Thomas F. Army, Jr.United States?}}
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[[File:Shantytown_USAAncient_ziggurat.jpg|150px|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Shantytown, USA: Interview with Lisa GoffWhat Was the Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?]]====The Harvard University Press recently published Lisa Goff's new book Shantytown, USA: Forgotten Landscapes people of the Working Poor. There's ancient Mesopotamia practiced a chance religion that one modern scholars are only just now beginning to understand and the physical focal point of your American ancestors lived in an American shantytown. While we may not realize it now, shantytowns their religion were a common feature of 19th century America. Goff's book explores not only how shantytowns became a prominent feature of America's towns and citiesthe monumental, but why middle class Americans eventually turned on them and their residentstriangular structures known as ziggurats. {{Read more|Shantytown, USA: Interview with Lisa GoffWhat Was the Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?}}
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[[File:portraitbowieImmigrants_Ellis.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger]]====Directly or indirectly, Jim Bowie’s enigmatic illness resulted David Roediger’s book <i>Working Toward Whiteness: How America’s Immigrants Became White: The Strange Journey from Ellis Island to the Suburbs</i> continues his own actions. A hearty man provocative exploration of six feet in height, Bowie was a walking contradiction; a slave trader who fought for freedom, a generous whiteness studies by examining how southern and congenial man who called out his thunderous temper on a whimeastern European immigrants became white during the first half of the twentieth century. Roediger argues that “the long, and a commanding leader who was prone to binges of sloppy drunkennesscircuitous process by which ‘new immigrants’ became ‘white ethnics’” matters.{{Read more|The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger}}
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[[File:82nd_GraveMarco Polo traveling.jpgjpeg|left|thumbnail|left|250px200px]] ====[[Why did Operation Market Garden in 1944 failWhat Is the History of Ice Cream?]]====Operation Market GardenIce cream has been a popular treat that many see today as having developed relatively recently, launched in September 1944, was an unsuccessful Allied offensive mainly, fought in the Netherlandsas ice cream usually requires a form of refrigeration. It was While the largest airborne operation in history up to that time. The operation was a daring one and it was modern form of ice cream is relatively more recent, the brainchild idea of the British General Bernard Montgomeryice cream has been present for millennia. His intended the airborne offensive to allow the allies to break into the German heartland and to end the warIce treats, which eventually gave us ice cream, quicklywere refreshing snacks usually reserved for elites or those who can obtain ice in times of warm or hot weather. {{Read more|Why did Operation Market Garden in 1944 failWhat Is the History of Ice Cream?}}
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[[File:AlexanderTheGreat_BustTod des Spartacus by Hermann Vogel.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|250px200px]]====[[Alexander What was the Great Top Ten Booklistimpact of Spartacus' uprising on Rome? ]]====Creating Spartacus was a top ten list for books on Alexander Thracian and he had once fought with the Great is not easyRomans. According to Plutarch, since few ancient historical figures have been written about as muchhe was enslaved by them after he had deserted. Everything from Due to his complex personality strength and his sexual life to his military and logistical tactics have been analyzed by historiansskills he was trained as a gladiator. AlexanderIn 73BC, simply puthe plotted to escape from his gladiatorial school, stands out as unique among ancient historical figures for having so much detailed assessment made on his life near Capua in southern Italy and timeswas joined in the conspiracy by up to 100 other gladiators. {{Read more|Alexander What was the Great Top Ten Booklistimpact of Spartacus' uprising on Rome?}}
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[[File:grantHoecke_Croesus_showing_his_treasures.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]]====[[Was How Did Croesus Become the Destruction Perpetrated by Lincoln, Grant, and Sherman Necessary to End Wealthiest Man in the Civil WarAncient World?]]====January 1, 1863 marked a pivotal moment in the American Civil War. On this date According the Emancipation Proclamationfifth century BC Greek historian Herodotus, who has often been called the preliminary “father of which was issued by President Lincoln on September 22, 1862, took full and permanent effecthistory, thus changing the Union’s ultimate war goalLydian King Croesus (ruled ca. Once 560-540s BC) was the aim of world’s wealthiest king who ruled the war changed for world’s wealthiest kingdom. When Salon, the Unionlegendary Athenian law giver, so too did its leaders. The harsh and unpopular actions that were necessary came to prevent Lydia see the prolonged bloody carnage king’s wealth personally, Croesus immediately had his servants “take him on a tour of continual war were tasked the royal treasuries” in order to three men: Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, “point out the richness and William T. Shermanmagnificence of everything. {{Read more|Was How Did Croesus Become the Destruction Perpetrated by Lincoln, Grant, and Sherman Necessary to End Wealthiest Man in the Civil WarAncient World?}}
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[[File:Eriduiraq4000bcOseberg_ship_-_IMG_9129.jpegjpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]] ====[[What if the Vikings Never Invaded England?]]====The Viking, or more accurately Danish and Norsemen, invasions of England in the 9th century CE (865) helped lead to what ultimately would become the united country of England. Before 865, England was divided into four or sometimes more countries, populated by Angles and Saxons (or Anglo-Saxons).{{Read more|What if the Vikings Never Invaded England?}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:1906roome_td_yale.png|thumbnail|left|250px]]====[[What Factors Led to the Creation of the First CitiesDid Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?]]====The rise of cities in the ancient Near East during the fourth millennium BC (4000-3000 BC) is a key event in the history of the worldIn 1905, as urban patterns that first arose there became patterns inherited in American football faced an crisis. Far to many societies, including in young men were being killed while playing football and no one was taking any serious actions to reduce the Westrisks. Cities in The headline at the ancient Near East were top of the first to develop major templesright hand column in ''The Chicago Sunday Tribune'' on November 26, palaces1905 screamed, large urban dwelling areas, city walls, governments, and religious authorities that become features seen in later cities"Football Year's Death Harvest - Record Shows That Nineteen Players Have Been Killed; One Hundred Thirty-seven Hurt - Two Are Slain Saturday. "{{Read more|What Factors Led to the Creation of the First CitiesDid Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?}}
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[[File:French Prisoners 1940Privateering.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px150px]]====[[Privateering during the War of 1812: Interview with Faye M. Kert]]====During the War 1812, US and Canadian privateers fought most of the naval battles between the United States and Great Britain. These privateers were comprised of captains who were motivated by the promise of profit to fight for their countries. There was a strong legal framework in both the United States and Great Britain that normalized piracy. Canadian and American ship owners and investors took advantage of it and funded privateering outfits during the war. Needless to say, privateers were incredibly risky investments.{{Read more|Privateering during the War of 1812: Interview with Faye M. Kert}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:Cayleff.jpg|thumbnail|left|150px]]====[[Why was France defeated in 1940?Nature's Path: Interview with Susan E. Cayleff]]====In September 1939, At the Nazi War Machine invaded Poland and World War II began. France and its Britain declared against Nazi Germany in 1939. The French army was in theory as strong as very end of the Germanys and it had 19th Century, a vast Empire new system called naturopathy was created by Benedict and a sophisticated arms industryLouisa Stroebel Lust. It had also established a series of fortifications in the east Unlike many of the country19th Century medical systems created, known as the Maginot Linenaturopathy has persevered to this day. The Line Naturopathic healing was designed to keep German forces out founded and based on number of Franceinfluences including botanics, hydrotherapy, eclecticism, temperance and vegetarianism.{{Read more|Why did the United States and Soviet Union Reach Detente During the Cold War?Nature's Path: Interview with Susan E. Cayleff}}
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[[File:Hodges_scoutBritish_Lancers.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]]====[[Why did the Battle of the Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?]]====The Battle of the Somme or the Somme Offensive was a series of battles that occurred during the Summer and Autumn of 1916. It involved British and French forces launching a massive assault on the German lines in an effort to break the stalemate on the Western Front. The Battle was primarily a battle between the Germans and the British. The offensive achieved very little and both sides suffered heavy casualties. The British only advanced a few miles and the German lines held. The stalemate was not broken by the offensive. {{Read more|Why did the Battle of the Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?}}</div>
<div class="portal">[[File:French_soldiers.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Hodges' Scout: Interview with Len TraversOrigins of World War One - Top Ten Booklist]]====Johns Hopkins University Press has recently published Len Traver's new book Hodges' Scout: A Lost Patrol The First World War was an incredibly destructive and wide ranging catastrophe. Not only did it dramatically change the map of Europe and the French world and Indian it led to further instability. The First World Warwas one of the most important wars in human history. Travers' book examines There has long been a group debate about the exact cause of colonial scouts who were ambushed on a patrol in upstate New York by French and Native American soldiers during the French and Indian First World War. Travers uses this massacre to explore The assassination of the lives of Archduke Ferdinand triggered the colonists who fought, died and even survived this massacrewar but its ultimate causes were far more complex.{{Read more| Hodges' Scout: Interview with Len TraversOrigins of World War One - Top Ten Booklist}}
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[[File:Angels_of_the_Underground_Queen_Anne's_Lace_(25468119510).jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|200px]]====[[What was used for birth control in medieval Europe?]]====Birth is a universal experience for humanity and therefore, so is conception. This makes the issue of contraception one which stretched back into antiquity. While this topic is frequently in modern news, the historic practices of contraception and the specific methods utilized are rarely touched upon. {{Read more|What was used for birth control in medieval Europe?}}</div>
<div class="portal" >[[File:GW-painting.jpg|thumbnail|left|180px]]====[[Angels of What was George Washington's military experience before the Underground: Interview with Theresa KaminskiAmerican Revolution?]]====The Oxford University Press recently published Theresa KaminskiSecond Continental Congress voted unanimously to put George Washington in charge of the Continental Army in 1775. Washington was only 43 years old at the time, a gentleman planter and local Virginian politician. {{Read more|What was George Washington's Angels military experience before the American Revolution?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:512px-Filip II Macedonia.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[How did Phillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?]]====Alexander the UndergroundGreat is one of the most famous men in history. However, it is generally recognized that Alexander’s achievements would have been impossible without his father, Philip II of Macedon, who reigned from 359 to 336 B.C. He is not as well-known as his son but he laid the foundations for the great Empire of Alexander.{{Read more|How did Phillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File: Egyptian kitchen Berlin 1.jpg|thumbnail|left|220px]]=====[[How did kitchens develop?]]=====Few places in a home are as important or symbolic for our social bonds than the kitchen. In almost every culture, the kitchen serves not only as the place where food is prepared, but serves as a social hub for families and friends. Humans develop deep social bonds with family and friends in their kitchen. The American Women who Resisted kitchen does not simply provide for our daily nutrition but also helps to reinforce our social character. Whether humans are cooking around a fire or chopping vegetables on a granite counter-top, they are also interacting with one another. {{Read more|How did kitchens develop?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Christiaan_Barnard_(1968).jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When did the First Heart Transplant take place?]]====When Christiaan Barnard performed the Japanese first heart transplant in 1967, it was initially seen as remarkable scientific achievement, but overtime both the medical community and the Philippines in World War IIgeneral public were forced to re-evaluate heart transplants. Kaminski's book follows The medical community quickly realized that the lives of four American women who first transplants were stranded in little more than dangerous and unpredictable experiments.{{Read more|When did the Philippines after Japan invaded during World War IIFirst Heart Transplant take place?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Keller. Publishers Weekly described jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?]]====Helen Keller (1880–1967) is best known for her book triumph over blindness, deafness, and muteness. Rescued from the isolation of her afflictions as a young girl by the Perkins Institute for the Blind teacher Anne Sullivan, Keller learned to understand a basic form of sign language and learned to “feel” and imitate the sound of the human voice. {{Read more|Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?}}</div> <div class="fast-paced true storyportal" >[[File:Anthophyllite_asbestos_SEM.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?]]====The history of Mesothelioma is complicated. Medicine struggled to establish its existence and understand what caused it. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that forms on the " tissues that documents how these women resisted Japanese occupationcover the lungs and abdomen." Mesothelioma is typically tied to the exposure of people to asbestos in either their environment or workplace. {{Read more| Angels When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Rabbbi's_Atheist_.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[The Rabbi's Atheist Daughter: Interview with Bonnie S. Anderson]]====History is fickle. During the 19th Century, Ernestine Rose was one of the Undergroundmost important and famous international advocates for feminism, free thought and anti-slavery. She worked closely with renowned figures in this movement such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Despite her contributions to feminism, atheism, and anti-slavery, since her death she has slowly been erased from history. {{Read more|The Rabbi's Atheist Daughter: Interview with Theresa KaminskiBonnie S. Anderson}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Skythian_archer_plate_BM_E135_by_Epiktetos.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[When did Men Start Wearing Pants?]]====Why did humans start wearing pants? To answer this question it’s important to understand two things - first, what were the earliest forms of clothing and how did they evolve into pants and secondly, why did a need for pants develop? It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants - specifically a bifurcated garment for the bottom half of the body which covers from waist to the lower leg. It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants - specifically a bifurcated garment for the bottom half of the body which covers from waist to the lower leg. {{Read more|When did Men Start Wearing Pants?}}
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==Articles==[[What Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?]]====Here are some June 6, 1944 was arguably the most pivotal day of our most recently created World War II. Operation Overlord was set to be launched and if successful, was to open a second front in Europe so as to attack Germany from all sides. Stalin’s Soviet Army had been battling the German Army since late 1942 in Stalingrad, Leningrad, and edited articlesMoscow. {{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descendingRead more|count=8What Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?}}
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====[[Book Review: "The Assassin's Accomplice."]]====
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Kate Clifford Larson's book The Assassin’s Accomplice: Mary Surratt and the Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln is a well-researched narrative exploring the prosecution of Mary Surratt. The Assassin’s Accomplice details the events that revolved around Mrs. Surratt in the days and weeks leading up to the assassination of President Lincoln.{{Read more|Book Review: "The Assassin's Accomplice."}}
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<div class="portal">====[[How Did Black Pepper Spread in Popularity?]]==Interviews==These are [[File:Black pepper (By R.Boroujerdi).jpeg|left|thumb|205px]]Visiting a restaurant in the Western world or even a home often means finding salt and black pepper as common condiments on the table used to give taste to our interviews with historians discussing their new booksdishes. Salt has been native to many regions and is commonly found; however, black pepper was a far more limited plant (Piper nigrum) that natively grew in South and Southeast Asia.{{#dplRead more|How Did Black Pepper Spread in Popularity?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:categoryAlmost_a_Miracle.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]==Interviews==[[American Revolution Top Ten Booklist]]====On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed by the Continental Congress. This act was only the first step towards the creation of the United States. The impact of this revolution cannot be ignored. {{Read more|ordermethodAmerican Revolution Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style=firstedit"font-size:90%">[[File:Pinkertons.jpg|orderthumbnail|200px|left]]====descending[[Inventing the Pinkertons: Interview with Paul O'Hara]]====In 1850, Allan Pinkerton founded a detective agency that would grow into the Pinkerton's National Detective Agency. Pinkerton's agency is easily the most famous and infamous security guard and detective agency in United States history. Pinkerton originally created the agency to help railroad companies investigate their employees and catch train robbers. But over time, the Pinkertons developed an intimate relationship with the federal government and as these partnerships grew the Pinkertons' role increased dramatically. {{Read more|count=7Inventing the Pinkertons: Interview with Paul O'Hara}}
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====[[How did Edwin Drake create the World's first oil well?]]====
Even though there was no one "first discover" of oil. Oil was known in antiquity when it was used to heal wounds. But by the middle of the 19th century methods for collecting oil from the ground had not changed for thousands of years. Edwin Drake's oil fundamentally changed this process and dramatically increased oil production around the world. {{Read more|How did Edwin Drake create the World's first oil well?}}
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<div class="portal">====[[Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten Booklist]]==Booklists==Includes [[File:American_Colossus.jpeg|left|thumb|125px]]Creating a Top Ten List for the Gilded Age/Progressive Era is challenging. There are an extraordinary number of outstanding books on this period. These books are a selection of our most recent Expert and User created favorites. Creating a Top Ten History BooklistsList for the Gilded Age/Progressive Era is challenging. There are an extraordinary number of outstanding books on this period. These books are a selection of our favorites. Most of these books are focused on trying to define this era as whole, instead of focusing on a single issue.{{#dpl:category=BooklistsRead more|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=15Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten Booklist}}
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[[File:Samuel_Hahnemann_1841.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]
====[[What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?]]====
Nineteenth-century medicine was characterized by constant competition among three major medical sects: Regulars, Eclectics, and Homeopaths.[1] Each of these medical sects not only meaningfully disagreed on how to treat illnesses and diseases, but sought to portray their type of practice as the most effective and scientific.{{Read more|What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?}}
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<div class="portal">[[File:Congress_of_Vienna_1815.jpg|thumbnail|left|250px]]====[[Why did the Congress of Vienna fail to stop future European wars?]]====The Congress of Vienna was a gathering of representatives of European kingdoms that was presided over by the Austrian Chancellor Klemens Von Metternich. The Congress was held in Vienna from 1814 to 1815. The goals of the Congress were to secure peace and stability in Europe and to ensure that revolutions did not destabilize the Continent. {{Read more|Why did the Congress of Vienna fail to stop future European wars?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Tissot Solomon Dedicates the Temple at Jerusalem.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[History of God Top Ten Booklist]]====The concept of God and his historical development is an extraordinarily complex topic and it is not easily addressed in ten books. These books seek attempt to explain a complex story on how the concept of God developed in different cultures, places, and across time. The history of the idea of God is long and has its roots from prehistoric to early historic periods in the ancient Near East. Later cultures developed concepts that derive from ancient Iran, Greece, Egypt, and perhaps other regions.{{Read more|History of God Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:William-wallace-monument-1256291 1280.jpeg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How historically accurate is Braveheart?]]====Braveheart was a popular movie released in 1995 that won 5 Oscars and featured Mel Gibson as William Wallace. Wallace was a Scottish knight who became a hero in the Scottish rebellions against the English in the late 13th and early 14th century. The movie helped to inspire Scottish national pride while also, to some, represent an early, Medieval warrior who fought for freedom for himself and his people. While much of the story depicted did occur, including the English occupation of Scotland during the time of Edward I, king of England, the depiction of the revolt against the English and other events do not correspond well to historical accounts.{{Read more|How historically accurate is Braveheart?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Drysocks.JPG |thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?]]====Bill Mauldin once said that the infantryman “gives more and gets less than anybody else.” He knew this from his experience on the front lines with K Company, 180th Infantry Regiment, of the 45th Division. Mauldin went through basic training as an infantryman and stayed with his regiment throughout the invasion of Sicily and the Allied campaign up the boot of Italy. The talented cartoonist succeeded in ruffling the feathers of the “brass” all the way up to General George Patton.{{Read more|What Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Florence_Cathedral.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why did the Italian Renaissance End?]]====The Italian Renaissance was one of the most exciting periods in human civilisation. It witnessed a great flourishing of the arts, literature, philosophy, architecture and politics. Many of the greatest figures in World Civilisation appeared during the Renaissance in Italy, including Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, Machiavelli and Raphael.{{Read more|Why did the Italian Renaissance End?}}</div> <div class="portal">[[File:Gettysburg.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist]]====A DailyHistory.org top ten booklist focusing on best book on the battles of the American Civil War. The books on this list explore the battles of Antietam, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, and many others. Take a look at our list. {{Read more|Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Stalingrad three.jpg|thumbnail|left|250px]] ====[[Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?]]====Hitler saw the war in terms of his personal rivalry with Stalin and he decided to attack the city, because of its symbolic value. However, the original aim of the offensive in Southern Russian was to secure the oil fields in the Caucasus. The oil was essential for the German war machine. Hitler knew this – instead of opting for concentrating all his forces on the conquest of the oil fields, he made perhaps a fateful mistake.{{Read more|Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:portraitbowie.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?]]====Directly or indirectly, Jim Bowie’s enigmatic illness resulted from his own actions. A hearty man of six feet in height, Bowie was a walking contradiction; a slave trader who fought for freedom, a generous and congenial man who called out his thunderous temper on a whim, and a commanding leader who was prone to binges of sloppy drunkenness.{{Read more|The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====History of Religion===={{#dpl:category=Religious History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Ancient Greek History===={{#dpl:category=Ancient Greek History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====American Civil War===={{#dpl:category=Civil War|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====19th Century History===={{#dpl:category=19th Century History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Renaissance History===={{#dpl:category=Renaissance History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====History of Early US Republic====*[[Thomas Jefferson, the Founding Fathers and Christianity: Interview with Sam Haselby]]*[[The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798: Interview with Terri Halperin]]*[[Fate of the Revolution: Interview with Lorri Glover]]*[[American Revolution Top Ten Booklist]]*[[What was George Washington's military experience before the American Revolution?]]*[[Hodges' Scout: Interview with Len Travers]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Sports History====*[[Did Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?]]*[[How did modern boxing emerge?]]*[[How did the game of golf emerge?]]*[[How did the marathon emerge?]]*[[How did the modern tennis emerge?]]*[[Who integrated the NBA?]]*[[How did hunting become a symbol of the aristocracy/royalty]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Legal History====*[[American Legal History Top Ten Booklist]]*[[American Surveillance: Interview with Anthony Gregory]]*[[How did the Sharia Law develop?]]*[[How has the Roman Lex Mercatoria evolved to play a role in modern International Trade and Commerce Codification?]]*[[How does The Magna Carta influence the Modern Perceptions of Civil Rights?]]*[[How has ancient Rome influenced European law?]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====World War I===={{#dpl:category=World War One History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====European Interwar Political History====*[[How did Vladimir Lenin Rise To Power?]]*[[How Joseph Stalin became the leader of the Soviet Union]]*[[How did Mussolini become Prime Minister of Italy?]]*[[Primed for Violence in Interwar Poland: Interview with Paul Brykczynski]]*[[The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact- Stalin’s greatest mistake?]]*[[The Nazi triumph: how did Adolf Hitler become the Fuehrer of Germany?]]*[[Why did the the Weimar Republic Collapse?]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====World War Two===={{#dpl:category=World War Two History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====British History===={{#dpl:category=British History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div><div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Roman History===={{#dpl:category=Roman History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Historically Accurate===={{#dpl:category=Historically Accurate|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div>  <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Interviews===={{#dpl:category=Interviews|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Booklists===={{#dpl:category=Booklists|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Articles====Here are some of our most recently created and edited articles.{{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Book Reviews====Here are some of our most recent book reviews.{{#dpl:category=Book Review|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Great History Sites==Blog Roll==
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