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==During the Flu Pandemic were people punished if they did not wear masks? ==
By the autumn of 1918 in the United States, it was clear the flu pandemic was becoming out of control and that surging . Surging cases across the country required public health officials to issue direct guidance for people to wear masks. For some states, masks were part of a broader set of social distancing, washing hands, and general cleanliness to avoid spreading the virus. Some cities in the Western United States, including some towns now where we see hostility to wearing masks, passed laws that required masks to be worn at all times by the autumn of 1918. These laws were implemented in places all over the United States, including Phoenix, San Francisco, and even Juneau, Alaska (Figure 1).
Punishments ranged from fines to imprisonment in cities. While most punishments for not wearing a mask were fines, prison sentences did occur. One infamous incident in San Francisco, where a special officer hired by the Board of Health to enforce mask-wearing, shot a man who had earlier refused to wear a mask; two bystanders even were hit during the shooting.
