Changes

====Early Developments====The world's first museum known to us appears to be from Babylon, now in southern Iraq, found within the palace of king Nebuchadnezzar II, the well known king who sacked Jerusalem in the Bible (Figure 1).<ref>For more information on Nebuchadnezzar II's palace and his museum, see: Wiseman, D. J. 1991. Nebuchadrezzar and Babylon. The Schweich Lectures 1983. Oxford ; New York: Published for the British Academy by the Oxford University Press.</ref> Although some scholars claim the title of the first museum should be in the city of Ur, in the temple of Ennigaldi-Nanna, which did house ancient collections, this structure may date to a slightly later time than that of Nebuchadnezzar's displays.<ref> For more on early museums, see: Walhimer, Mark. 2015. Museums 101. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, pg. 6.</ref> During the Neo-Babylonian period (626-539 BC), there was interest in both the distant past, which by that time Mesopotamian urban complex societies were nearly 3000 years old, as well as capturing war booty from within the Empire as it expanded.

The world's King Nabonidus, in fact, commissioned the first museum known archaeological excavations at the time to us appears to be uncover ancient remains from BabylonUr.<ref>For more on Nabonidus' excavations, now in southern Iraqsee: Schnapp, Alain, found within the palace of king NebuchadnezzarLothar von Falkenhausen, the well known king who sacked Jerusalem in the Bible (Figure 1)Peter N. Although some scholars claim the title of the first museum should be in the city of UrMiller, and Tim Murray, in the temple of Ennigaldi-Nannaeds. 2013. <i>World Antiquarianism: Comparative Perspectives. Issues & Debates.</i> Los Angeles, which did house ancient collectionsCalifornia: Getty Research Institute, this structure may date pg. 132.</ref> The idea or concept of these early commissioned excavations was to a slightly later time than retrieve relics from the past that of Nebuchadnezzar's displays. During the Neo-connected Babylonian period (626-539 BC), there was interest in both civilization to the distant past, which by that time Mesopotamian urban complex societies were nearly 3000 years oldshowing its long history, as well as capturing war booty from within and bringing objects of the gods back to the Empire as it expandedworld. The uncovered objects were then placed in a museum. In essence, the concept of the museum as a display of the origin of a people as well as of its power was developed. Early museum collections included ancient tablets, statues, and religious relics that would have been seen as continuing to have important relevance. The importance and continuity of ancient religion, in fact, was another motivation to develop museums, in this case within temple complexes.

====Origin of the Word====[[File:463174537 ac80e56a15 bAncientlibraryalex.jpg|thumbnail|left|Figure 12. An artist's reconstruction of the Musaeum.]]The soorigin of the word museum derives from the Musaeum that once stood in ancient Alexandria in Egypt from around 300 BC and lasted as an institution through the Roman period. This original structure once contained the famous library of Alexandria. While many ancient works, in particular writings, were collected in this institution, its core focus was on education and research.<ref>For more on the Musaeum and ancient Library at Alexandria, see: El-called Lion Abbadi, Mostafa. 1992. <i>The Life and Fate of the Ancient Library of Babylon is likely Alexandria</i>. 2nd ed., rev. Paris: Unesco/UNDP.</ref>Lectures, presentations, and teaching were conducted here during the Ptolemaic and Roman eras, where the museum becomes associated with scholarship and not just a place to be a basalt statue showing have old relics. In essence, it was an unfished lion attacking institution that became comparable to our modern concepts of universities, where the museum was a manplace of research. Therefore, museums, early in their conceptual history, became places of education and discovery, while not being simply places that housed ancient objects for the sake of the objects alone. Utilizing the knowledge of the past, including from very distant cultures, became one of the key missions of the Musaeum. The piece was likely recovered collections included objects from Assyria, Babylonia, ancient Egypt, Greece, and elsewhere. This is also similar in Syria and brought to Babylon concept to be displayed in its royal museumour modern research museums that both display ancient objects from around the world but also conduct scientific research.]]

==Origin ==Early Renaissance====After the Classical period, the idea of a museum seems to not be utilized very much, although studying ancient scholarship continued in the Near East for many centuries long after the fall of Rome. Therefore, the Word==past was still seen as a source of knowledge, although we don't know much about formal museums. The two oldest continuous museums are found in Rome, the Capitoline and Vatican Museums. The former was essentially a collection of Roman sculptures gifted by Pope Sixtus IV. Discovery of sculptures also inspired the Vatican museum, as Pope Julius II was inspired by the discovery to preserve the pieces in the Vatican's collections.<ref> For more on how Classical sculptors and their discovery spawned an interest in the past, including developing early museums in Rome, particularly Roman and Greek history, see: Haskell, Francis, and Nicholas Penny, eds. 1982. <i>Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500 - 1900</i>. 2. print., (with corrections). New Haven London: Yale Univ. Press.</ref> This interest spawns an interest in the Classics in general and a rebirth of ideas and focus on the pre-Christian past.

The origin of the word museum derives from the Musaeum that once stood in ancient Alexandria in Egypt from around 300 BC and lasted as an institution through the Roman periodSoon, objects began to be collected not just by officials or religious figures but by wealthy individuals. This original structure once contained By the famous library of Alexandria. While many ancient works16th century, in particular writingsa new era began, where large collections of artifacts were now collected for their sake, as interest in this institution, its core focus was on education and research. Lectures, presentations, and teaching were conducted here during the Ptolemaic and Roman eraspast continued. In essenceEurope, it was an institution that became comparable the so-called cabinets of curiosities began to our modern concepts be made, which were sometimes large private collections of universities. Thereforeancient artifacts, fossils, museums became places of education and research and not simply places or other remains that housed ancient objectssparked interest in the past. Utilizing <ref> For more on the knowledge so-called cabinets of the pastcuriosities popular in Rennaisance and early modern Europe, including from very distant culturessee: Mauriès, became one Patrick. 2011. <i>Cabinets of Curiosities</i>. New York: Thames & Hudson.</ref> The interest in the key missions of past continued as the Musaeum. This is similar in concept Renaissance gave way to our modern research museums that both display ancient objects but also conduct the Age of Enlightenment, which now began scientific researchinterests as well as simple curiosity to collect.

[[File:Ancientlibraryalex====Birth of Modern Museums====By the 18th century, scientific progress and ever increasing knowledge about the world increased interest in creating large public galleries.jpg|thumbnail|Figure 2Furthermore, similar to the interests of the Babylonian Empire, the new empires of the world, in particular Britain and later France in the late 18th century, began to see the collection of artifacts and objects as a way to display power and dominance in the globe. An artistThe British Museum was opened based on the principal it would be accessible to the public, although mostly it was the privy of the middle and upper classes, and it began to display the wonders of Britain's reconstruction of every increasing dominance and thus by extension reflect British superiority to the Musaeumworld.<ref>For more on how large national museums played a role in colonialism, see: Aronsson, Peter, and Gabriella Elgenius, eds. 2014. <i>National Museums and Nation-Building in Europe, 1750-2010: Mobilization and Legitimacy, Continuity and Change</i>. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.]]</ref>

====Conclusion====The two oldest continuous development of museums are found in Rome, the Capitoline and Vatican Museums. The former was essentially not a collection of Roman sculptures gifted by Pope Sixtus IVcontinuous path. Discovery of sculptures also inspired After initial development in the Vatican museumancient and classical worlds, at places such as Pope Julius II was inspired by Babylon and Alexandria, it took the discovery to preserve the pieces Renaissance before interest in the Vatican's collectionsthem begins again. This interest spawns an interest However, it was only in the Classics late 19th century do we see museums becoming more scientific and applying scientific principles in general and a rebirth their collection of ideas objects and focus on the pre-Christian pasttheir study. Soon, objects began to be collected not just by officials or religious figures but by wealth individuals<div class="portal" style="width:85%;">====Related DailyHistory. By org Articles====*[[What was the 16th century, a new era began, where large collections of artefacts were now collected dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?]]*[[How did illegal abortions spur the push for their sake, as interest medical licensing in the past continued. In Europe, the so-called cabinets 19th Century?]]*[[Social History of curiosities began to be made, which were sometimes large private collections American Medicine Top Ten Booklist]]*[[Causes of ancient artifacts, fossils, or other remains that sparked interest in the pastWorld War II Top Ten Booklist]]*[[Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten Booklist]]*[[Nature's Path: Interview with Susan E.Cayleff]]</div>  ====References====<references/> [[Category:Wikis]][[Category: Ancient History]] [[Category:Art History]][[Category:Bronze Age History]]{{Contributors}}