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__NOTOC__[[File:Banner2.png|link=]]<div class="portal" style="width:85%;">==[[Was Elizabeth I Justified in having her Cousin Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland Executed?]]==[[File:Elizabeth_I_when_a_Princess.jpg|left|thumb|170px]]'''Featured Article'''

When studying <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Alexander the Great Top Ten Booklist]]====Creating a top ten list for books on Alexander the Great is not easy, since few ancient historical figures have been written about as much. Everything from his complex personality and his sexual life to his military and logistical tactics have been analyzed by historians. Alexander, simply put, stands out as unique among ancient historical figures for having so much detailed assessment made on his life and times.{{Read more|Alexander the Great Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:A_Midwife's_Tale.jpg|thumbnail|left|150px]] ====[[Gender in Early America Top Ten Booklist]]====Most of us are familiar with a narrative of colonial America that focuses on the actions of our "Founding Fathers." But what of our "Founding Mothers"? This booklist compiles ten works that explore gender in colonial North America and provide an important lens through which we can view some of the formative events in our shared history. {{Read more|Gender in Early America Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Lighthouse.jpg|150px|thumbnail|left]]====[[How Was the Lighthouse of Alexandria Destroyed?]]====Of all the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, only the Great Pyramids of Giza in Egypt still remain. War, neglect, and natural disasters have wiped them from the lives face of Elizabeth I the earth with only descriptions left by ancient historians and her rival cousin Mary Stuartgeographers, or perhaps an occasional coin or painting, modern interpretations paint as tokens of their greatness. {{Read more|How Was the Lighthouse of Alexandria Destroyed?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:William_Ellis.jpg|thumbnail|left|150px]]====[[Best Gifts for History Lovers]]====It can sometimes be difficult to find the right gift for your history loving friend or spouse. Hopefully, we can help. This is our 2017 list of great gifts for history lovers. If in doubt, get a fairly definitive picture book. History lovers adore books. Some our recommendations are less academic then some of their perceived personalitiesthe books that appear on our other booklists, but they do represent outstanding recent books that most history lovers should enjoy. {{Read more|Best Gifts for History Lovers}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Spartacus - 1960 - poster. Elizabeth’s character png|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How accurate is revealed through titles such as Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus'Elizabeth I, Red Rose ?]]====The historical epic Spartacus (1960) is one of the best-known movies in cinema history. It caused a sensation on its release and was one of the House most successful pictures of Tudorthe 1960s. The movie was not only a commercial success it was a critical success and it received several Academy Awards. Spartacus was directed by the cinematic genius Stanley Kubrick. {{Read more|How accurate is Stanley Kubrick's 'Spartacus' ?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Last_Kingdom_2.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?]]====Season 2 is divided into two novels from the Saxon Tales series written by Katherine LaskyBernard Cornwell, namely books 3 and 4 (Season 1 was books 1-2). The novels span roughly between 878-886 (Figure 1). The main focus for Season 2 in the first four episodes is Uhtred''Elizabeth Is quest to go north from Wessex into Northumbria, a less tamed area of England that is ruled more by Danes but their hold is somewhat less clear. Uhtred seeks his ancestral home in Bebbanburg (Bamburgh Castle) and also wants revenge against Kjartan, who killed is adopted Danish father. {{Read more|How Historically Accurate is Season 2 of Last Kingdom?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Queen Confederate_monument_Elmira_NY.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Why are there so many Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?]]====As one travels across the southern United States, it is not unusual to find monuments and memorials to the Confederate dead in many small towns. In fact, these sculptural pieces, often composed of the same statues and plinths from the Monumental Bronze Co. of England’s'' Golden Age Bridgeport, Conn., can be found as far north as Pennsylvania and New York. A study in 2016 found some 1,500 monuments still standing. While in recent years these monuments have become a new source of political conversation their very erection was a movement by Paul HilliamConfederate women. {{Read more|Why are there so many Monuments to the Confederacy across the United States?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:16307509620 d1ab80ba6b.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What was lynching?]]====Lynching is often described as a form of extralegal, vigilante violence or Clark Hulse’s Elizabethjustice; however, its meaning has evolved over time—from the tarring and feathering of individuals in the Colonial period to the lethal, racial violence that proliferated in the South. According to Digital History, "Lynching received its name from Judge Charles Lynch, a Virginia farmer who punished outlaws and Tories with "rough" justice during the American Revolution." The United States has a long history of vigilance committees whose purposes were to protect the community. According to Linda Gordon, “vigilantism generally means bypassing the legal procedures of the state and substituting direct, usually punitive and coercive action by self-appointed groups of citizens".{{Read more|What was lynching?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Tomb_of_Nakht.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What Was the Importance of Alcohol Consumption in Ancient Egypt?]]====There is a common misconception today that life in ancient Egypt was a dreary one for anyone not in the nobility. This image is probably at least partially derived from pop culture where scenes are common in movies that depict Egyptian peasants being worked to the death to make tombs and temples for their gods and kings. The reality is that although the ancient Egyptian social system was quite different from that of the modern world, and they had few of today’s modern conveniences, Egyptians from all social classes enjoyed a leisure culture that was not much different than today’s. {{Read more|What Was the Importance of Alcohol Consumption in Ancient Egypt?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Ruler L'aquarium; vue intérieure.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How Did Public Aquariums Develop?]]====Large public aquariums have become fixtures in most major urban regions. In some places, they have become among the leading attractions for city tourism, where many aquariums have also expanded into conservation efforts and Legendapplied research along with being tourist destinations. The history of such aquariums is not completely modern, although the form in which we know aquariums today is mostly a recent development. {{Read more|How Did Public Aquariums Develop?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Karl XII i Ystad 1715, målning av Johan Heinrich Wedekindt från 1719.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Why did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?]]====The failed invasion of Russia by Hitler and Napoleon are well known. Less well-known is invasion of Russia by the Swedes under their most famous king, Charles XII. Sweden in 1700 was the greatest Northern European power and this provoked the jealousy of its neighbors. This led to the Great Northern War. The culmination of this war was the Swedish monarch’s invasion of Russia and his subsequent defeat by Tsar Peter the Great at Poltava (1709).{{Read more|Was Elizabeth I Justified Why did Charles XII of Sweden fail to conquer Russia in 1708?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:The_Native_Ground.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How have Historians' perceptions of Native Americans changed?]]====In 1997, Kerwin Lee Klein, among others, observed that a wholesale change had occurred in having her Cousin Mary Stuarthow historians portrayed Native American history. Previously, historians and ethnographers had focused on “the tragedy of the vanishing Indian.”[1] Many Americans, even those sympathetic to Native Americans, argued that Indians ultimately faced extinction. Even though this argument was undermined by the continued survival of Native Americans, Queen scholars were slow to reject it. The Native American rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized the persistence of Native Americans. {{Read more|How have Historians' perceptions of Scotland ExecutedNative Americans changed?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Abraham_Lincoln_Brigade.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]] ====[[The Abraham Lincoln Brigade: the Historiography of the American soldiers in the Spanish American War]]====During the Spanish Civil War, approximately 2,800 American men and women answered the call from the Communist party to defend the Spanish republic from fascist aggression. These men and women served in the Fifteenth International Brigade and formed the Abraham Lincoln, Washington and MacKenzie-Papineau Battalions. These soldiers’ stories have been controversial, because 80 percent of these volunteers were Communists. {{Read more|The Abraham Lincoln Brigade: the Historiography of the American soldiers in the Spanish American War}}

<div class==[[Voodoo, Kidnapping and Race in New Orleans during Reconstruction: Interview with Michael A. Ross]]=="portal">[[File:NOLA kidnapping jacket photo (2)GermanHyperChart.jpg|left150px|thumbthumbnail|125pxleft]]'''Featured Interview'''

In October====[[What Were the Causes of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?]]====Among the defining features of early twentieth century Europe and one of the contributing factors to World War II, was the economic maelstrom known as “hyperinflation” that ravaged Germany from 1921 until 1923. Although the short period is often overlooked in popular histories of the period, there is no denying the impacts that the Oxford University Press will be publishing The Great New Orleans Kidnapping Case: Raceprocess had on Germany, LawEurope, and Justice in the Reconstruction Era by Michael A. Ross, an Associate Professor at the University of Marylandworld. {{Read more|Interview:Voodoo, Kidnapping and Race in New Orleans during Reconstruction: Interview with Michael A. RossWhat Were the Causes of Germany's Hyperinflation of 1921-1923?}}

[[File:32936173946 bc0836c5c5 o.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten BooklistWhen did abortion become legal in the United States?]]====[[File:American_ColossusIn colonial America, abortion was dealt with in a manner according to English common law. Abortion was typically only frowned upon, or penalized, when it occurred after “quickening,”—when a woman felt fetal movement—because it suggested that the fetus had manifested into its own separate being. Quickening could vary from women to woman, and sometimes as late as four months.jpeg|left{{Read more|thumb|125px]]When did abortion become legal in the United States?}}'''Featured Booklist'''</div>

Creating a Top Ten List for <div class="portal">[[File: Ancient_ziggurat.jpg|150px|thumbnail|left]]====[[What Was the Gilded Age/Progressive Era is challenging. There are an extraordinary number Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?]]====The people of outstanding books on this period. These books ancient Mesopotamia practiced a religion that modern scholars are a selection only just now beginning to understand and the physical focal point of our favoritestheir religion were the monumental, triangular structures known as ziggurats. {{Read more|Gilded Age/Progressive Era History Top Ten BooklistWhat Was the Importance of Ziggurats in Ancient Mesopotamia?}}

==[[How did Medicine develop in the Ancient World?]]==[[File:626px-Edwin_Smith_Papyrus_v2_copyImmigrants_Ellis.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|150px200px]]As the calendar flipped ====[[Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger]]====David Roediger’s book <i>Working Toward Whiteness: How America’s Immigrants Became White: The Strange Journey from June Ellis Island to July in 1863 Gettysburg, a small market town founded in the soft, rolling hills Suburbs</i> continues his provocative exploration of south central Pennsylvania on Samuel Gettys farm whiteness studies by examining how southern and eastern European immigrants became white during the first half a of the twentieth century before, was unknown to most Americans. Four days laterRoediger argues that “the long, on July 4, it had become "The Most Famous Small Town in America," as boosters would come to call itcircuitous process by which ‘new immigrants’ became ‘white ethnics’” matters.{{Read more|How did Medicine develop in the Ancient World?Working Toward Whiteness by David Roediger}}

==[[Causes of World War II Top Ten Booklist]]==[[File:Germany_and_the_Origins_of_the_Second_World_WarMarco Polo traveling.jpgjpeg|left|thumbthumbnail|125px200px]]The second world war was arguably ====[[What Is the most catastrophic war in human history. The origins History of the second world war in Europe are complex and controversial. The following article is Ice Cream?]]====Ice cream has been a popular treat that many see today as having developed relatively recently, as ice cream usually requires a list form of ten books that provide different perspectives on refrigeration. While the root causes modern form of ice cream is relatively more recent, the second worldidea of ice cream has been present for millennia. Ice treats, which eventually gave us ice cream, were refreshing snacks usually reserved for elites or those who can obtain ice in times of warm or hot weather. {{Read more|Causes What Is the History of World War II Top Ten BooklistIce Cream?}}

<div class==[[How has the Role of Horses Changed in Human Societies?]]=="portal">[[File:BritishmuseumassyrianrelieftwohorsemennimrudHoecke_Croesus_showing_his_treasures.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|150px200px]]====[[How Did Croesus Become the Wealthiest Man in the Ancient World?]]====The horse today is According the fifth century BC Greek historian Herodotus, who has often seen as an animal useful for recreationbeen called the “father of history, sport, transport, and work” the Lydian King Croesus (ruled ca. The nature of 560-540s BC) was the world’s wealthiest king who ruled the horseworld’s wealthiest kingdom. When Salon, howeverthe legendary Athenian law giver, has changed in different societies across time. Sometimes horses were seen as war animalscame to Lydia see the king’s wealth personally, while Croesus immediately had his servants “take him on a tour of the royal treasuries” in other places order to “point out the richness and periods there use was the privy magnificence of royaltyeverything.”{{Read more|How has Did Croesus Become the Role of Horses Changed Wealthiest Man in Human Societiesthe Ancient World?}}

====[[How Did What if the German Military Develop BlitzkriegVikings Never Invaded England?]]====[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1981-070-15The Viking, Frankreichor more accurately Danish and Norsemen, Panzer IV.jpg||left|thumb|150px]]The early German victories invasions of England in Poland, Norway, France, the Low Countries, 9th century CE (865) helped lead to what ultimately would become the Balkans, North Africa, and Russia form an impressive list united country of military triumphsEngland. What Before 865, England was divided into four or sometimes morecountries, these triumphs were accomplished with great speed populated by Angles and fairly modest cost to the GermansSaxons (or Anglo-Saxons). Indeed, these victories were so striking that they gave rise to the myth of German military supremacy—a myth that has persisted to this day.{{Read more|How Did What if the German Military Develop BlitzkriegVikings Never Invaded England?}}

<div class==[[Interview:Pigs, Parks, and Power in the Antebellum City: Interview with Catherine McNeur]]=="portal">[[File:Taming_ManhattanPrivateering.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|150px]]Two hundred years ago====[[Privateering during the War of 1812: Interview with Faye M. Kert]]====During the War 1812, instead US and Canadian privateers fought most of being littered with gleaming glass towers the naval battles between the United States and skyscrapers, Manhattan Great Britain. These privateers were comprised of captains who were motivated by the promise of profit to fight for their countries. There was home to thousands a strong legal framework in both the United States and Great Britain that normalized piracy. Canadian and American ship owners and investors took advantage of wandering pigs it and livestockfunded privateering outfits during the war. Antebellum Manhattan bore little resemblance Needless to modern Manhattan's gleaming skylinesay, privateers were incredibly risky investments. {{Read more|Interview:Pigs, Parks, and Power in Privateering during the Antebellum CityWar of 1812: Interview with Catherine McNeurFaye M. Kert}}

<div class==[[History of Sex (American Version) Top Ten Booklist]]=="portal">[[File:The_Straight_StateBritish_Lancers.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|150px200px]]====[[Why did the Battle of the Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?]]====These are our Top Ten History The Battle of the Somme or the Somme Offensive was a series of Sex books (American Version)battles that occurred during the Summer and Autumn of 1916. It involved British and French forces launching a massive assault on the German lines in an effort to break the stalemate on the Western Front. As per usual, we included some caveats The Battle was primarily a battle between the Germans and the British. The offensive achieved very little and explanations for our selectionsboth sides suffered heavy casualties.First, this is The British only advanced a history of sex / history of sexuality listfew miles and the German lines held. We understand that there is a distinction but, for us, these two things blur togetherThe stalemate was not broken by the offensive. {{Read more|History Why did the Battle of Sex (American Version) Top Ten Booklistthe Somme largely fail to achieve its objectives?}}

<div class="portal" >[[File:512px-Filip II Macedonia.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[How did ancient Professional Armies developPhillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?]]====Alexander the Great is one of the most famous men in history. However, it is generally recognized that Alexander’s achievements would have been impossible without his father, Philip II of Macedon, who reigned from 359 to 336 B.C. He is not as well-known as his son but he laid the foundations for the great Empire of Alexander.{{Read more|How did Phillip II of Macedon change Ancient Greek history?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:600px-Victory stele of Naram Sin 9066Egyptian kitchen Berlin 1.jpg|thumbnail|left|thumb|150px220px]]Warfare has been =====[[How did kitchens develop?]]=====Few places in a home are as important or symbolic for our social bonds than the kitchen. In almost every culture, the kitchen serves not only as the place where food is prepared, but serves as a constant throughout human history social hub for families and friends. Humans develop deep social bonds with family and conflict can certainly be traced back friends in their kitchen. The kitchen does not simply provide for our daily nutrition but also helps to reinforce our hominid ancestors social character. Whether humans are cooking around a fire or chopping vegetables on a granite counter-top, they are also interacting with one another. {{Read more|How did kitchens develop?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Christiaan_Barnard_(1968).jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When did the First Heart Transplant take place?]]====When Christiaan Barnard performed the first heart transplant in our evolutionary past1967, it was initially seen as remarkable scientific achievement, but overtime both the medical community and the general public were forced to re-evaluate heart transplants. The medical community quickly realized that the first transplants were little more than dangerous and unpredictable experiments.{{Read more|When did the First Heart Transplant take place?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Keller. While technology today jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?]]====Helen Keller (1880–1967) is often used best known for her triumph over blindness, deafness, and muteness. Rescued from the isolation of her afflictions as a young girl by the distinguishing characteristic Perkins Institute for the Blind teacher Anne Sullivan, Keller learned to understand a basic form of warfare, sign language and learned to “feel” and imitate the development sound of the professional army, human voice. {{Read more|Why Did Helen Keller Become a Socialist?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Anthophyllite_asbestos_SEM.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?]]====The history of Mesothelioma is complicated. Medicine struggled to establish its existence and understand what caused it. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that forms on the "tissues that cover the lungs and abdomen." Mesothelioma is fulltime soldiers and formations typically tied to the exposure of a standing armypeople to asbestos in either their environment or workplace.{{Read more|When was Mesothelioma First Diagnosed?}}</div> <div class="portal" >[[File:Rabbbi's_Atheist_.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]] ====[[The Rabbi's Atheist Daughter: Interview with Bonnie S. Anderson]]====History is fickle. During the 19th Century, Ernestine Rose was also an one of the most important factor and famous international advocates for feminism, free thought and anti-slavery. She worked closely with renowned figures in making warfare an affair conducted throughout this movement such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Despite her contributions to feminism, atheism, and anti-slavery, since her death she has slowly been erased from history. {{Read more|The Rabbi's Atheist Daughter: Interview with Bonnie S. Anderson}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Skythian_archer_plate_BM_E135_by_Epiktetos.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[When did Men Start Wearing Pants?]]====Why did humans start wearing pants? To answer this question it’s important to understand two things - first, what were the year earliest forms of clothing and allowed how did they evolve into pants and secondly, why did a need for pants develop? It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants - specifically a bifurcated garment for the establishment bottom half of largethe body which covers from waist to the lower leg. It is also helpful to define what is meant by pants -scale states and empires specifically a bifurcated garment for the bottom half of the body which covers from waist to be possiblethe lower leg.{{Read more|How When did ancient Professional Armies developMen Start Wearing Pants?}}

====[[How Did Early Mathematics EvolveWhat Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?]]====[[File:Plimpton 322June 6, 1944 was arguably the most pivotal day of World War II.jpg||left|thumb|150px]]Mathematics today profoundly affects our societies Operation Overlord was set to be launched and has had if successful, was to open a lasting impact on science and technologysecond front in Europe so as to attack Germany from all sides. HoweverStalin’s Soviet Army had been battling the German Army since late 1942 in Stalingrad, before Greek mathematicians developed many wonderful achievements in this areaLeningrad, what are the origins of mathematics and how did this field evolve in its early history?[1]Moscow. {{Read more|How Did Early Mathematics EvolveWhat Mistakes did the Allies make during Operation Overlord on D-Day?}}

==Interviews==[[Book Review: "The Assassin's Accomplice."]]====These are our interviews with historians discussing their new books[[File:Assassins_accomplice.jpg|left|thumb|150px]]Kate Clifford Larson's book The Assassin’s Accomplice: Mary Surratt and the Plot to Kill Abraham Lincoln is a well-researched narrative exploring the prosecution of Mary Surratt. The Assassin’s Accomplice details the events that revolved around Mrs. Surratt in the days and weeks leading up to the assassination of President Lincoln.{{#dplRead more|Book Review:category=Interviews"The Assassin's Accomplice."}}

<div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Pinkertons.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[Inventing the Pinkertons: Interview with Paul O'Hara]]==Booklists==Includes both Expert In 1850, Allan Pinkerton founded a detective agency that would grow into the Pinkerton's National Detective Agency. Pinkerton's agency is easily the most famous and infamous security guard and User detective agency in United States history. Pinkerton originally created Top Ten History Bookliststhe agency to help railroad companies investigate their employees and catch train robbers. But over time, the Pinkertons developed an intimate relationship with the federal government and as these partnerships grew the Pinkertons' role increased dramatically.{{#dplRead more|Inventing the Pinkertons:category=Booklists|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=15Interview with Paul O'Hara}}

<div class="portal">[[File:Samuel_Hahnemann_1841.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?]]==Articles==Articles are wiki pages with history essays written Nineteenth-century medicine was characterized by our experts constant competition among three major medical sects: Regulars, Eclectics, and Homeopaths.[1] Each of these medical sects not only meaningfully disagreed on how to treat illnesses and diseases, but sought to portray their type of practice as the most effective and your contributionsscientific.{{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descendingRead more|count=15What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?}}

<div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:William-wallace-monument-1256291 1280.jpeg|thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[How historically accurate is Braveheart?]]==Categories==Below you can find Braveheart was a popular movie released in 1995 that won 5 Oscars and featured Mel Gibson as William Wallace. Wallace was a Scottish knight who became a hero in the category structure Scottish rebellions against the English in the late 13th and early 14th century. The movie helped to inspire Scottish national pride while also, to some, represent an early, Medieval warrior who fought for freedom for himself and his people. While much of the story depicted did occur, including the English occupation of Scotland during the wikitime of Edward I, as king of England, the depiction of the revolt against the English and other events do not correspond well as the pages within each categoryto historical accounts.{{Read more|How historically accurate is Braveheart?}}<categorytree mode/div> <div class=pages showcount"portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File: Drysocks.JPG |thumbnail|200px|left]]====[[What Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?]]====Bill Mauldin once said that the infantryman “gives more and gets less than anybody else.” He knew this from his experience onthe front lines with K Company, 180th Infantry Regiment, of the 45th Division. Mauldin went through basic training as an infantryman and stayed with his regiment throughout the invasion of Sicily and the Allied campaign up the boot of Italy. The talented cartoonist succeeded in ruffling the feathers of the “brass” all the way up to General George Patton.{{Read more|What Was the Importance of Bill Mauldin to WWII Infantrymen?}}</div>History </categorytreediv class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> [[File:Florence_Cathedral.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Why did the Italian Renaissance End?]]====The Italian Renaissance was one of the most exciting periods in human civilisation. It witnessed a great flourishing of the arts, literature, philosophy, architecture and politics. Many of the greatest figures in World Civilisation appeared during the Renaissance in Italy, including Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, Machiavelli and Raphael.{{Read more|Why did the Italian Renaissance End?}}

[[File:Gettysburg.jpeg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist]]====A DailyHistory.org top ten booklist focusing on best book on the battles of the American Civil War. The books on this list explore the battles of Antietam, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, and many others. Take a look at our list. {{Read more|Civil War Battles Top Ten Booklist}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:Stalingrad three.jpg|thumbnail|left|250px]] ====[[Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?]]====Hitler saw the war in terms of his personal rivalry with Stalin and he decided to attack the city, because of its symbolic value. However, the original aim of the offensive in Southern Russian was to secure the oil fields in the Caucasus. The oil was essential for the German war machine. Hitler knew this – instead of opting for concentrating all his forces on the conquest of the oil fields, he made perhaps a fateful mistake.{{Read more|Why did Germany lose the Battle of Stalingrad?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">[[File:portraitbowie.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px]]====[[The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contribute to His Own Decline?]]====Directly or indirectly, Jim Bowie’s enigmatic illness resulted from his own actions. A hearty man of six feet in height, Bowie was a walking contradiction; a slave trader who fought for freedom, a generous and congenial man who called out his thunderous temper on a whim, and a commanding leader who was prone to binges of sloppy drunkenness.{{Read more|The Mysterious Illness of Jim Bowie: How Did He Contributeto His Own Decline?}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====History of Religion===={{#dpl:category=Religious History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Ancient Greek History===={{#dpl:category=Ancient Greek History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====American Civil War===={{#dpl:category=Civil War|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====19th Century History===={{#dpl:category=19th Century History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Renaissance History===={{#dpl:category=Renaissance History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====History of Early US Republic====*[[Thomas Jefferson, the Founding Fathers and Christianity: Interview with Sam Haselby]]*[[The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798: Interview with Terri Halperin]]*[[Fate of the Revolution: Interview with Lorri Glover]]*[[American Revolution Top Ten Booklist]]*[[What was George Washington's military experience before the American Revolution?]]*[[Hodges' Scout: Interview with Len Travers]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Sports History====*[[Did Theodore Roosevelt really save Football?]]*[[How did modern boxing emerge?]]*[[How did the game of golf emerge?]]*[[How did the marathon emerge?]]*[[How did the modern tennis emerge?]]*[[Who integrated the NBA?]]*[[How did hunting become a symbol of the aristocracy/royalty]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Legal History====*[[American Legal History Top Ten Booklist]]*[[American Surveillance: Interview with Anthony Gregory]]*[[How did the Sharia Law develop?]]*[[How has the Roman Lex Mercatoria evolved to play a role in modern International Trade and Commerce Codification?]]*[[How does The Magna Carta influence the Modern Perceptions of Civil Rights?]]*[[How has ancient Rome influenced European law?]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====World War I===={{#dpl:category=World War One History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====European Interwar Political History====*[[How did Vladimir Lenin Rise To Power?]]*[[How Joseph Stalin became the leader of the Soviet Union]]*[[How did Mussolini become Prime Minister of Italy?]]*[[Primed for Violence in Interwar Poland: Interview with Paul Brykczynski]]*[[The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact- Stalin’s greatest mistake?]]*[[The Nazi triumph: how did Adolf Hitler become the Fuehrer of Germany?]]*[[Why did the the Weimar Republic Collapse?]]</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====World War Two===={{#dpl:category=World War Two History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====British History===={{#dpl:category=British History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div><div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Roman History===={{#dpl:category=Roman History|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%">====Historically Accurate===={{#dpl:category=Historically Accurate|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div>  <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Interviews===={{#dpl:category=Interviews|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Booklists===={{#dpl:category=Booklists|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=12}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Articles====Here are some of our most recently created and edited articles.{{#dpl:category=Wikis|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Book Reviews====Here are some of our most recent book reviews.{{#dpl:category=Book Review|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=8}}</div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Great History Sites===={{Template:Blog Roll}}DailyHistory.org also supports the [https://www.betterads.org/ Coalition for Better Ads] because we also hate ads that slow browsing and are annoying. </div> <div class="portal" style="font-size:90%"> ====Contribute====DailyHistory.org is a communitiy history wiki where you can create and edit history articles. *Every article answers a historical question and every booklist is a Top ten list. 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